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Explore the stages of word knowledge, principles for developing vocabulary, and techniques for teaching words. Learn about special features of words and effective strategies for learning new words.
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Chapter 6 Building Vocabulary
What is Vocabulary? • Exploring relationships between words • It is more than memorizing definitions for a test on Friday. • The average first-grader knows 5,000 to 6,000 words. • Approximately 3,000 words are learned each year.
Stages of Word Knowledge • Task One —Learning to read known words. • Task Two —Learning new meanings for known words. • Task Three —Learning new words that represent known concepts. • Task Four —Learning new words that represent new concepts. • Task Five —Clarifying and enriching the meanings of known words. • Task Six —Moving words for receptive to expressive vocabulary.
Seven Principles of Developing Vocabulary • Build experiential background by providing a variety of rich experiences. • Relate vocabulary words to students’ background—the words they already know. • Help students explore relationships between words. • Develop depth of meaning to help students see the many shades of meaning of words.
Seven Principles of Developing Vocabulary Continued • Provide students with multiple exposures to words. • Help create an interest in words. • Teach students how to learn new words independently.
Techniques for Teaching Words • Graphic Organizers • Semantic maps • Pictorial maps and webs • SFA • Venn Diagrams • Dramatization • Crossword Puzzles • Riddles
Techniques for Teaching Words Continued • Explore Sesquipedalian words—long words. • Have a “Word of the Day or Week” focus • Labeling • Predictions • Predict-o-gram • Possible sentences • Word Sorts
Study Special Features of Words • Homophones—sound alike, but usually spelled differently • Greece, grease • Homographs—spelled alike, but sound different • Bass voice, bass fish • Figurative language • Idioms • Metaphors • Similes
Learning How to Learn Words • Words with multiple meanings • Morphemic Analysis • Morpheme—smallest unit of a word • Believe—1 • Telegraph—2 • Prefixes, Suffixes, Inflectional endings, and Root words • Context Clues • Dictionary Usage
Most Importantly!!! • Provide students with opportunities to read. • Read aloud to your students.