1 / 32

Cell Division Test Review

Learn about cell division, chromosomes, DNA, and the stages of mitosis and meiosis. Understand haploid and diploid cells, homologous chromosomes, and genetic variation. Test your knowledge with examples and open response questions. Study human cells and the process of cytokinesis.

ctrent
Download Presentation

Cell Division Test Review

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Division Test Review

  2. CHROMOSOME • DNA that coils around a protein

  3. CHROMATIN • Long thin UNCOILED strands of DNA. • Form between divisions

  4. CHROMATID • At the beginning of cell division • Coiled DNA

  5. HISTONE • The protein a chromatid wraps around to make a chromosome.

  6. Haploid cells/Sex cells/Gametes • For all organisms in general • It only contains 1 chromosome from each homologous pair and 1 sex chromosome • A cell that contains ½ the amount of normal chromosomes

  7. EXAMPLES • Diploid # of an organism is 36 • Haploid # would be? • 18

  8. Diploid cells/Body cells/Somatic cells • For all organisms in general • A cell that contains all of its homologous pairs of chromosomes and its pair of sex chromosomes • Ex 78

  9. Homologous Chromosomes • Chromosomes that are similar in size and shape and make a pair. • They are not exact copies • Sister chromatids • Exact copy of a chromosome

  10. MITOSIS Dividing of diploid cells to make more diploid cells

  11. MEIOSIS The making of sex cells/ haploid cells or gametes from diploid cells

  12. THREE STAGES G1 or Gap 1 1. Cell Membrane and cytoplasm double • Cell doubles in size

  13. 2. S stage or Synthesis Stage- Chromosomes/DNA Replicate or Double

  14. 3. G2 or GAP 2– • Cell doubles all other organelles

  15. Cytokinesis • The final stage of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm and the cell membrane split creating 2 cells • Plant cell form a cell plate between the 2 nuclei which forms a cell wall

  16. HUMAN CELLS • Diploid Cells • 46 • Haploid • 23

  17. Remember • Diploid Cells---- • have NO Genetic Variation---Identical Cells • They are made to repair, replace and growth • Asexual reproduction---offsprings are EXACTLY the same as parent.

  18. Remember • Haploid Cells---- • have Genetic Variation---COMBO of parents genes • They are made for sexual reproduction---offsprings are NO EXACTLY the same as parent. • Any cell that is a result of a division

  19. Number of chromosomes in each cell in each phase • Know how this works for other organisms

  20. Study Picture handout of Mitosis

  21. Prophase

  22. Metaphasee

  23. Anaphase

  24. Telophase

  25. Meiosis • Homologous Chromosomes Separate during Anaphase I • Sister Chromatids Separate during Anaphase II • End Result ---4 Haploid Cells 4 Sex Cells 4 Gametes

  26. Numbers of Meiosis • Interphase—46/1cell Prophase II—46/2cells • End Interphase---92/1 cell Metaphase II-46/2cells • Prophase I---92/1 cell Anaphase II—46/2cells • Metaphase I—92/1 cell Telophase II—23/4 cells • Anaphase I—92/1 cell • Telophase I—46/2 cells • Know how this works for other organisms

  27. Organisms go through Meiosis for Sexual Reproduction----variation in species • Cells as a result---Sex cells, haploid cells, Gametes

  28. Open Constructive Response • Answer Following Slides

  29. PROPHASE • Nuclear membrane and nucleolus disappear • Spindle fibers and centrioles appear • Chromosomes become visible

  30. METAPHASE • META=MIDDLE • Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to the center of the cell.

  31. ANAPHASE • SISTER CHROMATIDS SEPARATE

  32. TELOPHASE • Nuclear Membrane and nucleolus reappear • Centrioles and spindle fibers disappear • Cell membrane splits into two new cells

More Related