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Conservation of Momentum

Conservation of Momentum. Conserved. Total momentum of a system before and after an interaction remains constant Momentum before = Momentum After Two balls collide, the momentum of ball 1 (m 1 v 1 ) and ball 2 (m 2 v 2 ) before the collision is equal to the momentum after

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Conservation of Momentum

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  1. Conservation of Momentum

  2. Conserved • Total momentum of a system before and after an interaction remains constant • Momentum before = Momentum After • Two balls collide, the momentum of ball 1 (m1v1) and ball 2 (m2v2) before the collision is equal to the momentum after • ‘ notation is used to designate after • m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1’ + m2v2’

  3. Law • Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant • This law will not apply if there are forces acting “external” to system • If system is a falling rock, momentum of the rock does not seem conserved

  4. Example 1 • A 10000 kg railroad car traveling 24 m/s strikes an identical car at rest. If the two cars lock together after the collision, what is their speed afterward?

  5. Example 2 • Calculate the recoil velocity of a 5.0 kg rifle that shoots a .050 kg bullet at a speed of 120 m/s.

  6. Example 3 • A 3.0 kg cart traveling at .50 m/s has a 2.0 kg mass dropped on it. What is its new velocity?

  7. Elastic and Inelastic Collisions • In elastic collisions, kinetic energy as well as is momentum conserved • Examples – billiard balls colliding, molecular collisions, or other things with low friction involved in the collision process • Collisions in which the objects stick together are inelastic

  8. Example 4 • A small car of mass (1000 kg) traveling at 20 m/s strikes a 3000 kg truck initially at rest. The car bounces back from the truck with a velocity of 10 m/s, what is the velocity of the truck now?

  9. Example 5 • A 1000 kg car traveling at 20m/s collides head-on with a 3000kg truck traveling at 20 m/s. After the collision, the truck’s velocity is zero, what is the velocity of the car?

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