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It’s all about . . .

Fairfax County Vehicle Emissions Reduction Program April 5, 2004 James D. Gorby, Director Department of Vehicle Services. It’s all about. Heir Quality. Background . Ozone non-attainment area Projected PM non-attainment area Prior interest in alternative fuels Grant opportunities.

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It’s all about . . .

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  1. Fairfax CountyVehicle Emissions Reduction ProgramApril 5, 2004James D. Gorby, DirectorDepartment of Vehicle Services

  2. It’s all about . . . Heir Quality

  3. Background • Ozone non-attainment area • Projected PM non-attainment area • Prior interest in alternative fuels • Grant opportunities

  4. Components • Hybrid drive vehicles • Early introduction of ULSD • Diesel exhaust opacity testing • Diesel engine retrofits • Favor procurement of low-emissions HDDE • Continue evaluations of alternative fuels

  5. Hybrids • Toyota Prius • 2002/2003 Compact sedan • 2004 Mid-size sedan • Emissions 90% lower than average new car • Replacing cars, light trucks, small vans • Other hybrids when available and suited to a mission need

  6. ULSD • Mandated highway fuel late 2006 • Introducing early for • Experience • DPFs on Fairfax Connector (transit) buses • Minor PM benefit (5%) on other diesels • Use in all diesel applications • Issues • Availability • Cost

  7. Diesel exhaust opacity testing • Measures density of exhaust smoke • Does not tell us what pollutants are present • Indicator of condition of the engine • Confidence that engine performing properly • Tests to date show no maintenance problems

  8. Diesel retrofits • School buses (DOC, plus some ECM reprogramming) • Other transit buses (DPF) • Other highway engines • Off-road equipment • Stationary engines

  9. School bus retrofits • 2-year program • 436 AmTrans (’99-’03) -- ECM + DOC • Reduce NOx 25%, CO 25%, PM 10% • 565 others (’89-’04) -- DOC • Reduce HC 50%, CO 40%, PM 20% • Not included: • 188 Cat 3116 (’97-’98) delivered with DOC • 328 with <3 years remaining life • Lessons learned document

  10. Favor lower emissions engines • Required ’04-compliant engines in ’03 • Declined certified, non-compliant engines • Will require ’07-compliant engines beginning in 2007 • Some certified engines will be unacceptable • Phase-in • Averaging, banking, and trading • Non-compliance penalties • Expect to pay premium

  11. Next steps • Evaluate technologies for next phase • After-treatments • Fuel additives • Determine sequence of retrofits • Continue evaluation of alternative fuels • Evaluate light diesels (cars) • Evaluate emerging hybrids • Provide information for other fleets

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