Enhancing Land Tenure Mapping in Madagascar with VHR Satellite Imagery

1. Earth Observation for International Financial Institutions Service Trial 3 VHR satellite imagery to support land tenure mapping in Madagascar www.eurosense.com

2. Land titling benefits Results Issues Intended use Questions • Actualized PLOF • Performed by municipalities • Initial PLOF • Made available by the administration foncière Land tenure certificate Image base Land tenure title Reserved Route Public domain Land titling can increase investment in land, agricultural productivity, and land values in different ways (assurance, realizability, collataralability) New land tenure guidelines to formalize land tenure through decentralization of land management 2

3. Initial PLOF guidelines Results Issues Intended use Questions • Making an "Initial PLOF" in the context of a modernized land tenure office: the preconditions: • Provision of an “image base” (orthophoto, digital satellite image). This image database will be used as a visual basis for the delineation of titled land parcels, dependencies in the public domain, and areas with specific statutes. • Provision of data on land ownership, alphanumeric or on paper. • Capacity building: • Territorial delimitation using satellite imagery Land rights formalization has been promoted as a way to encourage agricultural investment and stimulate land markets. Reducing land tenure insecurity is seen as a legitimate role for the state, and often as a cost-effective intervention. 3

4. AOI Results Issues Intended use Questions Ambalakely Mahatsinjony Ivoamba Soatanana Androy Andoharanomaitso Soaindrana Alatsinainy Taindambo Fandrandava Sahambavy Iarentsina Firaisantsoa PROSPERER • Within this project an image base is being delivered over 11 • municipalities in the Lalangina, Isandra, and Ambalavoa district. • Data should facilitate 4

5. Delivered images Results Issues Intended use Questions • 23 Kompsat2 images received (June 27th – October 10th) 5

6. Image mosaic Results Issues Intended use Questions • Images orthorectified using • ASTER DEM • 25 GPS points • image RPCs • tie points 6

7. Issues – Reference data Results Issues Intended use Questions • Difficult orthorectification due to lack of reference data • DEM • Solved by combining SRTM and ASTER DEM • Combined DEM produced (horizontal resolution 30m) • Horizontal reference • Topo received, however very different location then Landsat GLS and Kompsat2 RPCs • 25 GPS points provided by PROSPERER • Processing details • GPS points taken as main reference • Images linked together with tie points in overlap regions • Effects: • - Limited locational accuracy, however still a huge improvement on what is currently available • - Relative accuracy + field measuring is accurate 7

8. Issues – Kompsat2 data Results Issues Intended use Questions • Slow progress of image acquisitions • First months • Very low priority by satellite provider • Situation mentioned to ESA • After ESA interference • Higher priority given by satellite provider • Quick acquisition of remaining images • Last images • Non-delivery of last images due to satellite providers’ error • Issue solved after 4 weeks (last images received 16/11) • Effects: • - Big delay of service delivery • - Non-visible to end user 8

9. Issues – Image quality Results Issues Intended use Questions • Kompsat2 image errors • Colour difference in first image track => • Error in RPCs • Not feasible to correctly orthorectify image track • Issue solved by automatic image shift • Displacement between PAN & XS • Image not validated • Resulted in later miscommunications • Effects: • - Delay of service delivery • - Only colour difference in the east visible to end user 9

10. Issues – User software Results Issues Intended use Questions • Delivered images • Images now delivered as municipal clip • Municipalities buffered with 200m • ArcView 3.2 limits • Can only handle raster data < 2 Gb • Municipalties sometimes > 2 Gb • In the future: deliver tiles • Effects: • - Extra processing was needed • - Some municpalities have been clipped into multiple tiles 10

11. Field delineation example Results Issues Intended use Questions 11

12. Next steps? How can we help? Results Issues Intended use Questions • System of receiving user feedback? • IFAD • Local users • Which users will/should be contacted? • Should we (after a first feedback round) adjust the delivery/ products to improve reception of the data. • Colour adjustments • False colour images • Creation of land tenure examples (cfr. Certificates) • … 12

13. Remote Sensing Applications www.eurosense.com