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Erik Erikson’s (1902-1994)

Erik Erikson’s (1902-1994). Eight Stages of Development. Who is Erik Erikson?. A psychologist (professor of developmental psychology at Harvard University). Deals with the role of society, parents, and the individual in the development of personality.

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Erik Erikson’s (1902-1994)

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  1. Erik Erikson’s(1902-1994) Eight Stages of Development

  2. Who is Erik Erikson? • A psychologist (professor of developmental psychology at Harvard University). • Deals with the role of society, parents, and the individual in the development of personality. • Failures in one stage will accumulate in later stages, but they can also be rectified, so there is hope… • Direct links to the Family Life Cycle Theory.

  3. Stage #1 – Trust vs. Mistrust • First year of life • Basic care or neglect determines general trust or mistrust in those around you

  4. Stage #2 – Autonomy vs. Doubt • Occurs between 2-3 years old • This is the time where a child is acquiring new mental and motor skills – child really tries to do things on their own • The desire to do things independently = autonomy • Autonomy must outweigh doubt, but some doubt still allows for dependence on parents

  5. Stage #3 – Initiative vs. Guilt • Occurs between 4-5 years old • During this stage a child initiates activities • Uses more fantasy and imagination • Guilt comes into the picture when parent(s) make the child feel that his/her play is bad, or that his/her questions are a nuisance

  6. Stage #4 – Industry vs. Inferiority • Occurs between 6-11 years old • Industry means the child is concerned with how things work and what they do (children discover building, baking) • Parents can encourage industry or discourage it by chastising • Inferiority is apparent when a child begins feeling judged or graded (parents and good teachers can try to diminish inferiority complexes)

  7. Stage #5 – Identity vs. Role Confusion • Occurs between 12-18 years old • Start to develop a sense of who you are, where you’ve been, and where you want to go (all combine to form your identity) • Role confusion often grows out of this  many delinquents are caught up in this stage, they may figure a negative identity is better than no identity

  8. Stage #6 – Intimacy vs. Isolation • Occurs during young adulthood (approx. 18 yrs – early family life) • Intimacy means you have the ability to share and care for another without losing your sense of self • Without intimate friends or partners you have no one to care for other than yourself which can lead to a sense of isolation

  9. Stage #7 – Generativity vs. Self Absorption • Occurs during middle age (40s – 50s) • Generativity = concern with others beyond your immediate family • Self Absorption = personal needs and comforts are a predominant concern

  10. Stage #8 – Integrity vs. Despair • Occurs in senior citizens • Integrity = satisfaction with your life • Despair = see life as a series of missed opportunities but also realize it is too late to go back and do things differently

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