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B L O C K 12

H E A D & N E C K. B L O C K 12. RHINORRHOEA, BLOCKED “NOSE” & ANOSMIA. FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE. AIRWAY WARMING OF AIR HUMIDIFICATION OF AIR CLEANING OF AIR SMELL (Food) SMELL (Protection) VOICE RESONANCE NASAL REFLEXES SEXUAL. What can narrow or block a tube?. Something entering

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B L O C K 12

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  1. HEAD&NECK BLOCK12

  2. RHINORRHOEA, BLOCKED “NOSE” & ANOSMIA

  3. FUNCTIONS OF THE NOSE AIRWAY WARMING OF AIRHUMIDIFICATION OF AIRCLEANING OF AIR SMELL (Food) SMELL (Protection) VOICE RESONANCE NASAL REFLEXES SEXUAL

  4. What can narrow or block a tube? Something entering the lumen. Something that is normally there, changes. Something pushing in from neighbouring structures.

  5. Normal contents WHAT CAN GO WRONG??? ///////////////////////////////////

  6. Embriology ///////////////////////////////

  7. Cilia

  8. Septum ///////////////////////////////////

  9. Muc.membrane

  10. Secretions (N7) ///////////////////////////////////

  11. Turbs vascular (N7) ///////////////////////////////////

  12. Foreign body Tumour ///////////////////////////////////

  13. From outside ///////////////////////////////////

  14. SINO-NASAL PATHOLOGYSYMPTOMS

  15. Sensory olfactory epithelium 10 million receptor cells with 8-20 olfactory cilia (non – motile) 40 nerve bundles transverse the cribiform plate – enter the anterior cranial fossa and the olfactory bulb Only volatile substances can be detected by the olfactory neurons and the molecules must be soluble in water and lipids.

  16. Drugs Industrial dusts and pollutants Drugs (65) Medical interventions Nutritional Neoplasms Psychiatric Endocrine Infections Drugs Neurological Nasal obstruction Medical interventions

  17. If the level of olfaction fluctuates or the use of a intranasaldecongestant or steroid improves olfaction, there is a conductive cause in the nasal space and it can be treated!

  18. SINUS BAROTRAUMA + + PAIN (ACUTE)EPISTAXIS Rx NASAL DECONGESTANT + +

  19. VASCULAR Koue lug Drawwers Medikasie Rinitis medicamentosa

  20. MEDICATION Rh Medicamentosa, A/ht, V, Progest, A/chol

  21. Obstructive Sleep Disorder 1/25 adults (same as asthma and diabetes)

  22. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ⅓ Altered autonomic control Prolonged QT-interval Atrial fibrillation Hypoxia

  23. Cardiovascular System 20% MI and 15% sudden death Depression of respiratory control Decreased arterial oxygen saturation Atrial fibrillation Heart failure Hypertension

  24. Brain Infarction 23,3%

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