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School Health : Suicide Unplanned Pregnancy Sexuality/Gender Issues

School Health : Suicide Unplanned Pregnancy Sexuality/Gender Issues. BY FORMER HSC 411B STUDENTS. Risk Factors of Suicide. History of Depression (75%) History of Mental Illness Previous Attempts Fixation with Death Easy Access to Means Feeling Useless or a Burden on Others

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School Health : Suicide Unplanned Pregnancy Sexuality/Gender Issues

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  1. School Health:SuicideUnplanned PregnancySexuality/Gender Issues BY FORMER HSC 411B STUDENTS

  2. Risk Factors of Suicide • History of Depression (75%) • History of Mental Illness • Previous Attempts • Fixation with Death • Easy Access to Means • Feeling Useless or a Burden on Others • Giving Away Possessions, Tying Up Loose Ends

  3. Consider this: • Penelope has been suffering from depression for over a year after finding out that her boyfriend had been cheating on her. She’s mentioned wanting to die to some of her friends and has a history of cutting. Despite all of this, she has been more relaxed and cheerful the last couple of weeks. We can safely assume that her suicidal thoughts have passed. FALSE! What risk factors do you notice?

  4. Common Misconceptions About Suicide • People who talk about suicide won’t really do it. • Anyone who tries to kill him/herself must be crazy. • If a person is determined to kill him/herself, nothing is going to stop him/her. • People who commit suicide are people who were unwilling to seek help. • Talking about suicide may give someone the idea. Save.org: Suicide Awareness Voices of Education

  5. So how can we prevent our youth from committing suicide? • Always take suicidal signs seriously. • Ask the teen if he/she is considering suicide. • Do not react with horror or disapproval. • Never refuse to talk about suicide. • Become involved and offer support, hope, encouragement and understanding. • Never dare the teen to do it; he or she just might. • Most importantly, take action immediately. • A-P-P-R-O-A-C-H method mentioned in the textbook.

  6. Unplanned Pregnancy Ernesto Escobedo

  7. 2011 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey • Among the high school students surveyed: • 47% have had sexual intercourse • 6% have had sexual intercourse before the age of 13 • 15% have had 4 or more sexual partners • 40% did not use a condom • 77% did not use a contraceptive

  8. Sexual Activity Among Teens • Teens had fewer babies in 2010 than in any other year since the 1940’s. • Teenage pregnancies make up 10% of total pregnancies in the United States. • African American and Hispanic women have the highest pregnancy rates at 117 and 107 per 1000.

  9. Contraceptives • Among teens, 81% use contraceptives • In their first experience • 78% of females used contraceptives • 85% of males used contraceptives • Condom is the most common used contraceptive for first experiences • 2.9 million teenage girls use contraceptives • 54% use the pill

  10. Interesting Details • Parenthood is he leading cause to high school dropouts for females. • Less than 2% of teen mothers earn a college degree by the age of 30. • ¼ of teenage mothers have a second child within 2 years of the first born. • 8 out of 10 teenage fathers DO NOT marry the mother of their child. • 46% of males were very unhappy when they got a female pregnant • 20% said they were very pleased when getting a female pregnant.

  11. Unplanned Teen Pregnancy Continued… Aracely Muñoz

  12. NCPTP: The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy (2010 report)Speaking Out: • Most teens (65% of girls and 57% of boys) who have had sex say they wish they had waited. • Teens and adults agree that “teen boys often receive the message that they are expected to have sex.” • Most teens and adults agree that “teen girls receive messages that attracting boys and looking sexy is one of the most important things they can do.” • Adults and teens agree that it is important for teens to be given a strong message that they should not have sex until they are at least out of high school.

  13. What messages should we send?

  14. The Federal Abstinence Curricula • About 9 in 10 teens and 1/3 of adults say that teen pregnancy is a very important problem in the U.S. • Compared with other developed nations America has higher rates of teen pregnancy, abortion, and STDs. • Abstinence-only excludes information about STD’s or contraception • A 2004 Congress report stated the abstinence-only curricula was ineffective and even stated false or misleading information to the public. • Abstinence-only curricula does not work to prevent pregnancy and risky sexual behavior in youth.

  15. The Facts: • The United State spends $7 billion each year due to the costs of teen pregnancy. • ( http://www.teenhelp.com/teen-pregnancy/teen-pregnancy-statistics.html) • About a quarter of teen moms have a second child within 24 months of their first baby. • (http://www.dosomething.org/tipsandtools/11-facts-about-teen-pregnancy) • In 2010, the Obama administration instituted an “evidence-based” standard for funding sex education programs, and it has funded both comprehensive and abstinence-only sex education programs that have proven effective. • (http://www.ucsusa.org/scientific_integrity/abuses_of_science/abstinence-only-education.html) • Teenagers who have strong emotional attachments to their parents are much less likely to become sexually active at any early age.

  16. Comprehensive Sexuality Health Education Program • Teaches HIV/Aids and STD prevention • Includes methods of birth control • Reduces teen pregnancies • Family planning • Sets goals and plans careers • Practices refusal skills • Assists students in decision making “As future teachers we must prepare to incorporate health education into our areas of expertise” – Aracely Muñoz

  17. Homosexuality & Gender Issues

  18. Gender IdentitySexual Information and Education Council of the United States (2010) “the internal sense that people have that they are female, male, or some variation of these”

  19. It’s complicated…

  20. Sexual OrientationAmerican Psychological Association (2008) • “enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes. Sexual orientation also refers to a person’s sense of identity based on those attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions.”

  21. Prevalence at schools • Mixed reports of LBGT student populations at our schools • Why? • Most research presents a number close to 10% of students identify as LGBT at our schools

  22. Victimization and Violence • 80% verbally abused • 40% physically harassed • 60% felt unsafe • 25% Physical Assault

  23. Implications of Victimization & Violence • Journal of School Health (May 2011)

  24. Implications of Victimization & Violence • Higher risk of STDs and HIV • Almost 3 times more likely to suffer of depression • Almost 6 times more likely to attempt suicide • No strong association with substance use or abuse • What the?!

  25. Be vocal and point out the absurd

  26. References • American Psychological Association. (2008). Answers to your questions: For a better understanding of sexual orientation and homosexuality. Washington, DC: Author. [Retrieved from www.apa.org/topics/sorientation.pdf.] • Blumer, D. (2002). The Illness of Vincent van Gogh. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159(4). Retrieved March 10, 2013, from http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?articleID=175449 • CDC Features - Preventing Suicide. (n.d.). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www.cdc.gov/features/preventingsuicide/ • Matza, N. (2007). Chapter 8: Selected Topics. Health Science for Teachers (pp. 205-210). Long Beach: Nathan Matza, Inc.. • Roles in Suicide Prevention | Suicide Prevention Resource Center. (n.d.). SPRC | Suicide Prevention Resource Center. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www.sprc.org/basics/roles-suicide-prevention • Russel, S. T., Ryan, C., Diaz, R. M., & Sanchez, J. (2011). Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adolescent School Victimization: Implications for Young Adult Health and Adjustment. Journal of School Health, 81(5), 223-230. Retrieved March 10, 2013, from http://www.nea.org/assets/docs/ASHA_Article.pdf • SIECUS - Questions and Answers: LGBTQ Youth Issues. (n.d.). SIECUS - Home. Retrieved March 9, 2013, from http://www.siecus.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.viewpage&pageid=605&grandparentID=477&parentID=591#genderidentity • Understanding Teen Suicide. (n.d.). Untitled Document. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www.uth.tmc.edu/uth_orgs/hcpc/teen_suicide.htm • SAVE | Suicidal Thoughts: What To Do. (n.d.). SAVE | Suicide prevention information, suicide, depression awareness. Retrieved March 13, 2013, from http://www.save.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewPage&page_id=705F9F6A-F141-B5EB-C8A6B86CA0B2001E APA formatting by BibMe.org.

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