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Hardware. Basic Computer System. Input Devices. Central Processing Unit. Output Devices. Backing Storage Devices. Basic Computer System. Processor to process data Memory RAM stores programs and data when in use ROM stores essential programs and data permanently Input devices
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Basic Computer System Input Devices Central Processing Unit Output Devices Backing Storage Devices
Basic Computer System • Processor • to process data • Memory • RAM stores programs and data when in use • ROM stores essential programs and data permanently • Input devices • a way of getting data into the computer • Output devices • so the computer can show us what it has done • Backing storage devices • to store programs and data when not in use
memory Input Device Output Device processor Backing Storage Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit
RAM is randomaccessmemory RAM memory is used to store the programs being run and the files being used. RAM memory is lost when power is switched off. ROM is readonlymemory ROM memory is fixed memory which is placed there by the manufacturer and is used to store programs which are involved in the running of the computer system. ROM memory is not lost when power is switched off. Memory CentralProcessingUnit Memory RAM ROM Processor
CentralProcessingUnit Memory Processor Memory The memory is split up into memory locations which store the data. Each memory location is like a pigeon hole where the data will be stored as bits. Each memory location has its own memory address. The number of bits stored in each memory location is called the memory word size. This can be 16, 24 or 32 bits. This is also the number of bits that are transferred at a time between the memory and the processor.
Central Processing Unit Memory Processor ALU Control Unit Registers The processor has 3 parts ALU The Arithmetic And Logic Unit, as its name suggests carries out the calculations and decision making Control Unit The Control Unit is in charge of the flow of data and the order and timing of processing instructions Registers Registers are temporary memory locations within the processor which hold data and information while it is being processed. Processor
Central Processing Unit Memory RAM ROM Processor ALU Control Unit Registers Central Processing Unit
Input Devices • Computers are digital devices which work with numbers - binarynumbers. • All information used by a computer is held as a pattern of ones and zeros. • Input devices are used to change information we understand into data the computer can process - binary numbers.
Input Devices • Keyboard • Concept Keyboard • Mouse • Touch Pad • Tracker Ball • Joystick
Input Devices • Graphics Tablet • Touch Sensitive Screen • Digital Camera • Microphone • Sound Card • Scanner
Input Devices • Bar Code Reader • Optical Mark Reader • Optical Character Reader • Magnetic Ink Character Reader • Punched Card Reader • Punched Tape Reader • Magnetic Stripe Reader
Output Devices • Computers are digital devices which work with numbers - binary numbers. • All information used by a computer is held as a pattern of ones and zeros. • Output devices are used to change data the computer has processed - binary numbers into information we can understand.
