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The table to the right shows te -forms of various grammatical categories.

The table to the right shows te -forms of various grammatical categories. Place the pointer on a category name to hear how each representative form sounds. Te -forms of various grammatical categories. Positive Negative I -adjectives 高くて 高くなくて Na -adjectives きれいで きれいじゃなくて Nouns 学生で 学生じゃなくて

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The table to the right shows te -forms of various grammatical categories.

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  1. The table to the right shows te-forms of various grammatical categories. • Place the pointer on a category name to hear how each representative form sounds. Te-forms of various grammatical categories Positive Negative I-adjectives高くて 高くなくて Na-adjectivesきれいで きれいじゃなくて Nouns学生で 学生じゃなくて One-step verbs食べて 食べないで／ 食べなくて TA-RA-WA-line verbs待って 待たないで ／ 待たなくて BA-MA-NA-line verbs読んで 読まないで ／ 読まなくて KA-line verbs歩いて 歩かないで ／ 歩かなくて GA-line verbs急いで 急がないで ／ 急がなくて SA-line verbs話して 話さないで ／ 話さなくて

  2. The table to the right shows te-forms of irregular verbs. • Place the pointer on a category name to hear how each representative form sounds. Te-forms of various grammatical categories Positive Negative “go” 行って 行かないで ／ 行かなくて “do”して しないで ／ しなくて “come” きて こないで／ こなくて “exist”あって なくて

  3. To the right are representative uses of te-forms of i-adjectives. Productive patterns based on te-forms 高くてまずい It is expensive and not good-tasting. たか 高くて買えない Because it is expensive, I cannot buy it. か 高くなくてよかった It was good that it wasn’t expensive. 高くてもいい It is OK for it to be expensive. 高くても買う Even if it is expensive, I will buy it. 安くなくてはいけない It has to be cheap. やす

  4. To the right are representative uses of te-forms of na-adjectives. Productive patterns based on te-forms きれいで安い It is clean and cheap. 簡単で誰でも使える Because it is simple, anyone can use it. かんたん だれ つか 簡単でいい It is good that it is simple. きれいでなくてもいい It does not have to be clean. きれいでなくても買う I will buy it even if it is not good-looking. きれいでなくてはいけない It has to be clean.

  5. And here are representative uses of nominal te-forms. Productive patterns based on te-forms 学生でまずしい He is a student and poor. がくせい 学生で買えない Because she is a student, she cannot buy it. 学生でよかった It was good that I was a student. 学生でもいい Students will be fine. 学生でも買う Even a student will buy it. 学生でなくてはいけない They need to be students.

  6. To the right are representative uses of verbal te-forms. Productive patterns based on te-forms 書いてください Please write. か 書かないでください Please do not write. 書いて覚える I will write and memorize it. おぼ 書かないで覚える I will memorize it without writing. 書いてあげる I will write for you. 書いてやる I will write for someone “lower.” 書いてくれる She/he/they will write for me. 書いてくださる She/he/they will write for me. 書いてもらう I will ask her/him/them write for me.

  7. And here are more. Productive patterns based on te-forms 書いている I am writing. 書いて来る I will write and come. く 書いて行く I will write and go. い 書いておく I will write ahead of time. 書いてある I have written it in preparation. 書いてみる I will write and see. 書いてみせる I will write (to show it). 書いてしまう I will write (in an unexpected way.)

  8. And more. Productive patterns based on te-forms 書いてから after I write 書いてもいい It is OK to write. 書かなくてもいい It is OK not to write. 書いてはいけない You may not write. 書かなくてはいけない You must write.

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