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Aquatic Biomes

Aquatic Biomes. Chapter 7. Aquatic Ecosystems. Characteristics of aquatic ecosystems Salinity Temperature Sunlight Oxygen Nutrients. Aquatic Ecosystems. Types of organisms Plankton- organisms that float near the surface Phytoplankton- photosynthetic Zooplankton- heterotrophic

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Aquatic Biomes

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  1. Aquatic Biomes Chapter 7

  2. Aquatic Ecosystems • Characteristics of aquatic ecosystems • Salinity • Temperature • Sunlight • Oxygen • Nutrients

  3. Aquatic Ecosystems • Types of organisms • Plankton- organisms that float near the surface • Phytoplankton- photosynthetic • Zooplankton- heterotrophic • Nekton- free swimming organisms • Fish, turtles, whales • Benthos- bottom dwelling organisms • Mussels, worms, barnacles

  4. Freshwater • Ponds and Lakes • Life in a lake • Littoral zone- nutrient rich area near the shore • Life is abundant • Benthic zone- bottom of a pond or lake • Dead and decaying organisms are found here • Nutrients in a lake • Eutrophication- increase in the amount of nutrients in a lake or pond • Algal bloom

  5. Freshwater

  6. Freshwater • Wetlands- areas saturated with water during part of the year (growing season)

  7. Freshwater • Wetlands

  8. Freshwater • Wetlands • Marshes- • low, flat lands with little or no water movement • Dominated by non-woody plants • Bethic zone is very nutrient rich • Characterized by salinity • Brackish marsh- slightly salty water • Saltwater marsh- contains salty water

  9. Freshwater • Swamps • Flat, poorly drained land , often near streams • Dominated by woody plants (trees and shrubs) • Types determined by lattitude and climate • Mangrove swamp- warm climate, salty water

  10. Freshwater • Human impact on Wetlands • Drained, filled, and cleared for farms, residential, or commercial uses • Ex: Florida everglades covered 8 million acres in south florida but today cover less than 2 million. • Today, protected by federal, state, and local laws.

  11. Freshwater • Rivers and streams • Headwaters- usually cold, rapidly moving water at high elevation. • High oxygen levels • Lower Channel- warmer, slower moving water • lower oxygen levels • Delta- where the river meets a gulf, ocean, or sea

  12. Freshwater • River or streams • Life in a river • Headwaters- mosses, trout, minnows • Lower Channel- plankton, fish, turtles, snakes, alligators

  13. Marine Ecosystems • Coastal wetlands • Estuaries • An area in which freshwater from a river mixesw with salt water from the ocean • Very productive ecosystem • Fresh nutrients enter from both the river and ocean • Area protected from harsh ocean waves because of land forms like a peninsula

  14. Marine Ecosystem • Estuaries

  15. Marine Ecosystem • Estuaries • Plants • Many rooted plants and plankton • Animals • Many ocean dwelling animals move into estuaries to lay eggs • Threats • Urban growth • pollution

  16. Marine Ecosystems • Coastal wetlands • Salt marsh • Mangrove swamps • Rocky and Sandy beaches • Barrier islands- run parallel to the shore and protect it from the ocean

  17. Marine Ecosystems • Coral Reefs • Built by of the limestone exoskeletons of coral polyps • Occur in warm, shallow seas • Very biodiverse • Threats • Human activities • Water temperature change • Fresh water intrusion • pollution

  18. Marine Ecosystem • Coral Reefs

  19. Marine Ecosystems • Oceans • Much of the life is concentrated in the shallow (less than 100m) warm water near the shore • Deep ocean water is very unproductive because of a lack of light and nutrients • Threats • Pollution • Overfishing • Artic and Antarctic ecosystems depend of the ocean ecosystem for survival

  20. Marine Ecosystem • Ocean

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