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Motor Control In Aging

Motor Control In Aging. Amir ahmad bavand Mahdi fallahi. Dr. Arshi Spring 2013. C ontents. Aging and it’s effects on motor control Force production Sensory function Processing function Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging Bio-feedback Hydrotherapy

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Motor Control In Aging

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  1. Motor Control In Aging Amir ahmad bavand Mahdi fallahi Dr. Arshi Spring 2013

  2. Contents • Aging and it’s effects on motor control • Force production • Sensory function • Processing function • Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging • Bio-feedback • Hydrotherapy • Exercises, Sports and Games • Rehabilitation centers

  3. 1. Aging and it’s effects on motor control a. Force production

  4. Muscle and motor unit morphology • Reduction in muscle mass • Reduction in muscle fiber number • Changes in muscle fiber size • Motor unit number and size

  5. Muscle function • Strength • Fatigue • Dexterity

  6. Schema of changes in MUs

  7. 1. Aging and it’s effects on motor control b. Sensory function

  8. Sensory function • Estimating the position of body parts • Sway while standing • Shifting from vision to somatosensory • Aiming test for eye and hand • Velocity, duration, amplitude of initial movement • Corrective movement

  9. 1. Aging and it’s effects on motor control c. Processing function

  10. Processing function • Less effective balance strategy • Smaller and slower postural muscle response • Co-activation • Single-task walking gait speed <0.8 m/s: 24% • Dual-task walking gait speed <0.8 m/s: 62%

  11. 2. Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging a. bio-feedback

  12. Bio-feedback • A system which includes an EMG and a computer software. • The software gives information about muscle activity.

  13. Virtual environment design. The design of a virtual living room is illustrated. The virtual arm animates the patient's arm movement in real time. The patient can explore the virtual environment and perform the goal-directed reaching task. The green line indicates the ideal trajectory. The cone shape constrains the spatial error of endpoint position and provides direct knowledge of performance.

  14. Musical feedback design. Musical notes are distributed along the hand's path from initial location to the target. Reaching a particular distance triggers the corresponding note to play. The curve indicates the hand-to-target distance during the arm reaching and withdrawal

  15. 2. Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging b. Hydrotherapy

  16. Hydrotherapy • An exercise in which water eases the person’s movement.

  17. 2. Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging c. exercises, sports and games

  18. Exercises Heel to toe walk

  19. Step up

  20. Sports • Tai Chi • Better joint position sense • Improved muscle strength

  21. Games • Nintendo Wii Fit : • Improved balance and stability

  22. 2. Rehabilitation of motor control disorders associated with aging d. Rehabilitation centers

  23. Our Observations • a. Shoulder Wheel • b. Spring • c. Mirror • …

  24. Thank you 

  25. References Tai Chi: Effects of Tai Chi versus Proprioception Exercise Program on Neuromuscular Function of the Ankle in Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial Jing Liu,1Xue-Qiang Wang,2Jie-Jiao Zheng,3Yu-Jian Pan,3Ying-Hui Hua,4Shang-Min Zhao,3Li-Yan Shen,3Shuai Fan,2 and Jiu-Gen Zhong2 Received 26 July 2012; Accepted 20 November 2012 Nintendo Wii Fit: Feasibility and Benefit of Using the Nintendo Wii Fit for Balance Rehabilitation in an Elderly Patient Experiencing Recurrent Falls Tony Pigford, DPT Director of Outpatient Physical Therapy, Duplin General Hospital – Kenansville, NC A. Williams Andrews, PT, EdD, NCS Associate Professor, Department of Physical The rapy Education, Elon University – Elon, NC JOURNAL OF STUDENT PHYSICAL THERAPY RESEARCH | 2010 VOLUME 2, NUMBER 1, ARTICLE 2

  26. Balance Exercise: http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/fitness/Pages/balance-exercises-for-older-people.aspx Hydrotherapy: PHYS THER. 1994; 74:710-719 Crouse and Blane A Woodfin Brian J Tovin, Steven L Wolf, Bruce H Greenfield, Jeri Reconstructions Intra-articular Anterior Cruciate Ligament on Land on the Rehabilitation of Patients With Comparison of the Effects of Exercise in Water. Bio-Feedback: Address: 1Center for Neural Interface Design in The Biodesign Institute, and Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287, USA, 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA and 3Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Published: 21 June 2006

  27. Aging and motor control: • AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN MOTOR UNIT FUNCTION MARTIN R. ROOS, BSc,1 CHARLES L. RICE, PhD,1,2* and ANTHONY A. VANDERVOORT, PhD1,3 1 Centre for Activity and Ageing, Faculty of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7 2 Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1 3 Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6G 1H1 Received 22 July 1996; accepted 30 November 1996 • Aging, Neuromuscular Decline, and the Change in Physiological and Behavioral Complexity of Upper-Limb Movement Dynamics S. Morrison1 and K. M. Newell2 1School of Physical Therapy, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA2Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801, USA Received 16 March 2012; Revised 20 June 2012; Accepted 21 June 2012

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