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Age of Enlightenment

Age of Enlightenment. The 1700s. Age of Reason. During the Middle Ages if people did not understand something they would blame: God, superstition, witchcraft or mysterious forces Scientific Revolution changed the way people looked at the world

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Age of Enlightenment

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  1. Age of Enlightenment The 1700s

  2. Age of Reason • During the Middle Ages if people did not understand something they would blame: • God, superstition, witchcraft or mysterious forces • Scientific Revolution changed the way people looked at the world • People began to think that nature followed rules such as Isaac Newton’s Laws of Motion • Ignorance and superstition came under attack • “Dare to Know” became the slogan

  3. Age of Enlightenment Age of Enlightenment– a powerful movement during the 1700s. Consisted of new ideas of: • Reason • Freedom • Democracy

  4. Democratic Thinkers • People began to question why nations should be ruled by kings • They came to power through accident of birth • Philosophers began to speak of more democratic forms of government • John Locke – England (late 1600s) • They spoke of “self evident truths” and “naturals laws”

  5. Human beings possess free will. They should be prepared for freedom There are certain natural rights that are given by God to all human beings Life, liberty, property John Locke

  6. The purpose of government is: • to protect the rights of life, liberty, and property. • to create order in society. • Citizens have the right to rebel against a government that does not respect the rights of its citizens. • Rulers should stay in power only as long as they have the consent of the people they govern. • Locke’s ideas influenced authors of US Declaration of Independence and French revolutionaries in the 1790s.

  7. Baron d’Montesquieu

  8. Advocated separation of powers and checks and balances to keep any individual or group from gaining complete control of the government. • One of the greatest influences on the US Constitution (Separation of Powers)

  9. William Blackstone

  10. British Attorney • Wrote, Classis Commentaries on the Laws of England • Man is created by God and granted fundamental rights by God

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