被动语态 (Passive Voice)

1. 被动语态(Passive Voice)

2. 被动语态(Passive Voice) 语态共有两种： 主动语态(active voice) 被动语态(passive voice) We speak English. English is spoken by us. { 被动语态的基本构成形式： 主语 + be + done(过去分词)

3. Sentence structure: be + done(pp.) • 1.(一般现在时被动式)am/is/are +done • 2.(一般过去时被动式)was /were + done • 3.(完成时被动式)have/has/had +been +done • 4.(一般将来时被动式)shall/will/would/+be +done • 5.(情态被动式)can/could/may/might/must/ • should/need…+be+ done • 6.(现在进行时被动式) am/is/are/+being+done • 7.(过去进行时被动式) was/were+being+ done

4. We speak English. • English is spoken by us. • 2. The nurse take good care of us. • We are taken care of by the nurse. • 3. My parents love me. • I am loved by my parents. A.一般现在时的被动语态： am is are + p.p. (过去分词)

5. He wrote the letter. • The letter was written by him. • 2. They looked after the babies. • The babies were looked after by them. B.一般过去时的被动语态： was were + p.p. (过去分词)

6. He has forgotten many things. Many things have been forgotten by him. C.现在完成时的被动语态： have +been + p.p. (过去分词) has

7. I will write a letter. • A letter will be written by me. • 2. He will forget many things. • Many things will be forgotten • by him. D.一般将来时的被动语态： will +be + p.p. (过去分词) shall

8. I can write a letter. • A letter can be written by me. • 2. He must forget the past. • The past must be forgotten by him. E.情态动词的被动语态： can must +be + p.p. (过去分词) may

9. He is laughing at me. • I am being laughed at by him. 2. She is painting a picture. A picture is being painted by her. 3. They are repairing the desks. The desks are being repaired by them. F.现在进行时的被动语态-- am is are + p.p. (过去分词) + being

10. I was writing a letter. • A letter was being written by me. • 2. He was repairing the desks. • The desks were being repaired • by him. G.过去进行时的被动语态-- was + being + p.p. (过去分词) were

11. 主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况 • 有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但 • 如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词 • 有：hear, see, watch, make, help, let等。 • 1) I heard him sing last night. • He was heard to sing last night. • 2) We saw him walk into the building. • He was seen to walk into the building. • 3) The boss made them work 10 hours a day. • They were made to work 10 hours a day. • 4) They watch the children sing that morning. • The children were watched to sing that • morning.

12. Non-verbs(12) was seen to work 1.He saw her work in the office. She ___ ____ ___ ____ in the office. 2.She watches Ken work hard on the model. Ken ___ ____ ____ _____hard on the model. 3.We heard him sing in the room. He _____ ____ ____ ______ in the room by us. 4.I felt someone coming up to me. Someone _____ _____ ____ up to me. 5.The doctor asked her to take the medicine in time. She was ____ ____ ____the medicine in time.

13. 主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况 2. 1) Someone gave the boyan apple. (间接宾语) (直接宾语) An apple was given (to) the boy. The boy was given an apple. 2) His father bought him a present. A present was bought for him. He was bought a present.

14. show sth to sb / show sb sth • sth is shown to sb. • sb is shown sth • 2. give sth to sb / give sb sth • sth is given to sb • sb is gvien sth • 3. bring sth to sb / bring sb sth • sth is brought to sb • sb is brought sth

15. 4. buy sth for sb / buy sb sth sth is bought for sb sb is bought sth 5. make sth for sb / make sb sth sth is made for sb

16. Double Objects (11) have been given has been given 1.He has given us some advice. We ____ ____ _____some advice. Some advice ____ ____ ___to us by him. 2.She taught us the song. We ______ _____ the song by ______. The song___ ___ ____ ___ by her. 3.He showed me his stamps. I _____ _____ his stamps by him. His stamps ____ ______ ____ _____by him. her were taught was taught to us was shown were shown to me

17. (11) be written 4.He’d never write her a letter. • She would never ___ _____ a letter by him. • A letter would never ___ _____ ___ ____ • by him. 5.He bought me a book yesterday, I ____ _______a book by him yesterday. A book ____ ____ ____ ____ by him yesterday. be written to her was bought was bought for me

18. 主动形式表被动意义 • The pen writes well. • 这钢笔很好写。 • These shoes wear well. • 这鞋子很好穿。 • This kind of cloth washes very well. • 这种布料很耐洗。 • The car drives well. • 这车很好开。

19. 主动形式表被动意义 2. 某些感官动词也含有被动意义。 如：look, smell, taste, sound The flowers smell very sweet. The fish tastes good. The idea sounds good. 3. 某些动词(词组)中，用-ing形式作宾语， 表示被动含义.如need, be worth,require The radio needs repairing/to be repaired. The Great Wall is worth seeing.

20. Revision of Passive Voice(1) 1.The workers will build a bridge over the river. A bridge _____ ___ ______over the river. 2.You must take care of the children. The children ____ ____ _____ ____ _____. 3.The doctors can save the girl. The girl ____ ____ ____by the doctor. 4.They told a lot of people about the news. A lot of people ____ ______ about the news. 5.The scientists have invented some machines. Some machines ____ _____ _____ by the scientists.

21. Revision of Passive Voice(2) 6.The cleaner cleans the toilets once a day. The toilets______ _______once a day. 7.We’ll show another new film this evening. Another new film ____ ____ _____ this evening. 8.He saw her work in the office. She ____ _____ ___ _____ in the office. 9.She can finish the work in an hour. The work ___ __ _____ _in an hour. 10.The doctor asked her to lie in bed for some days. She ____ ______ ____ ______in bed for some time.