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Kinetic Theory and The States of Matter

Kinetic Theory and The States of Matter. Kinetic Molecular Theory. All matter composed of small particles (atoms, molecules, ions) These particles are in constant random motion The particles collide with each other and the walls of the container they are in.

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Kinetic Theory and The States of Matter

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  1. Kinetic Theory and The States of Matter

  2. Kinetic Molecular Theory • All matter composed of small particles (atoms, molecules, ions) • These particles are in constant random motion • The particles collide with each other and the walls of the container they are in

  3. Temperature - average kinetic energy (energy of movement) of the particles of matter More mass = higher kinetic energy more velocity = higher kinetic energy

  4. The 3 States of Matter

  5. Solids - fixed volume and shape - particles held tightly together in a rigid structure - particles only vibrate

  6. Liquids - fixed volume but shape can change - particles held close together but are able to flow around one another Melting point - temperature at which the bonds holding a solid together begin to break and the solid turns into a liquid

  7. Gases- no fixed shape or volume - fill any container put into - particles are not held together at all - freely moving

  8. Gases fill their Containers • Diffusion – the spreading of particles throughout a given volume until they are uniformly distributed

  9. D E 100 Temp. B C 0 A Energy AB - ice getting warmer BC- ice melting, melting point CD- liquid is warming up DE- liquid is vaporizing, boiling point

  10. Plasma State • Plasma – matter composed of positively and negatively charged particles • Most common form of matter in the universe • Found in all stars, lightning bolts, neon lights, fluorescent lights, and auroras.

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