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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Utah’s Struggle for Statehood. The Utah Territory. * Named for Ute Indians * Proposed name State of Deseret-(Congress said too much like desert). Population Grows. Mormons feel threatened Government interference Outsiders not agreeing with current practices

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Utah’s Struggle for Statehood

  2. The Utah Territory *Named for Ute Indians *Proposed name State of Deseret-(Congress said too much like desert)

  3. Population Grows • Mormons feel threatened • Government interference • Outsiders not agreeing with current practices • Non-Mormons • Wanted free public schools-No LDS religion • Polygamy immoral-wanted it stopped • Felt discriminated against if not Mormon

  4. “How much could a person or group be different and still be considered a good American?”

  5. Proposed State of Deseret • Notice how Large originally asked for!!

  6. Proposed State of Deseret • 1849 Utah Applies for Statehood • LDS leaders hold convention • Deseret chosen (honeybee) Industry • Proposed state large included Sand Diego, California to Pacific Ocean • Brigham Young Governor • Other LDS citizens in high political positions • Application Denied

  7. Compromise of 1850 makes Utah a Territory • Eastern States divided • North and South divided-Slavery • California-statehood as free state • Balance of free vs slave states threatened • Senator Henry Clay-”Great Compromiser” • Proposed California come in as free • West divided into 2 large territories • 1. Utah 2. New Mexico • Two territories vote to have or not have slavery • Utah Territorial legislature voted slavery legal

  8. U.S. President Fillmore • Appointed Brigham Young 1st governor-1850 • Appointed Secretary and 3 judges • Mostly inexperienced outsiders moved from East • Many Utahns angry • Wanted to elect own judges • Utah Vote own legislature **Could send delegate to Congress-but could not vote -Utah run by Federal Government *Other territories run same way30

  9. Governor Brigham Young • Organized Territorial Government • Selected Location of Capital City • Worked With Leaders of Indian Groups • Started New Towns all over Territory • Working Relationship with Federal Government • Organized Immigration of thousands of New People • Developed vast Manufacturing & Agriculture Industries

  10. Rumors Lead to War • Rumors • 1850-Judges return to East and complain of LDS influence. • 1852-Mormon leaders publicly announce plural marriage.

  11. C) 1857- Mormons charged with: -Murder of non-Mormons -Destruction of legal records -Unfair treatment of non- Mormons in court

  12. President Buchanan • Released Young as governor Alfred Cummings new Gov. 2. Sent a replacement • Organized army to stop “rebellion” against federal government.

  13. Mormons Prepare for Army *Brigham Young did not know he was replaced as governor *Communication was slow *Young believed army bent on destroying religious community. *Utah’s militia swelled from 100s to over 5000 *Plans made to defend SLC

  14. Johnston’s Army • Poorly informed about West • Believed would crush Mormons before snow fell in 1857 • Stopped by Early Snows in Wyoming

  15. Harassing the Army • Lot Snow • Captain of Utah Militia • Sent men to harass army -Burned supply wagons -Drove off animals -Destroyed animal feed -Burned Fort Bridger and Fort Supply

  16. Colonel Albert Johnston • New Commander • Army not able to leave Wyoming • Directed army to make camp and wait for spring thaw

  17. The Move South -Avoid blood shed -Army not to occupy any pioneer settlements -Mormons abandon Northern settlements -Prepared homes, food supplies and fields to be burned -Buried foundation of the Salt Lake Temple

  18. Camp Floyd and Fort Douglas • Johnston’s Army arrives 2500 soldiers and 1000 civilian employees • Thru SLC established Camp Floyd in Oquirrh Mountains • Became 3rd largest city in Utah Territory

  19. POSITIVE IMPACT • Brought cash to local merchants and farmers • Paid residents to build buildings • Sold surplus items

  20. NEGATIVE IMPACT *Prostitutes *Gamblers *Cattle Rustlers

  21. New Utah Governor • Alfred Cumming • Colonel Patrick Connor sent by Lincoln -Watch overland mail route -Polygamy situation -Established Fort Douglas overlooking SLC -Bitter War

  22. The Mountain Meadows Massacre • Arkansas and Missouri immigrants heading to California • Slain by Paiutes and Iron County Militia from St. George • Approx. 120 travelers and only 18 small children left alive

  23. Mountain Meadows

  24. Congress • Attempts to Curb Mormon Influence • The Vote -1869 Utah women given right to vote, Wyoming only other state -Prove Utah women not oppressed

  25. Federal Laws (Page 173) • The Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act (1862) • The Poland Bill (1874) • The Edmunds Act (1882) • The Edmunds-Tucker Act (1887)

  26. Polygamy Goes to Court • 1879 • Protected under Bill of Rights of U.S. Constitution • Also commandment from God • Ruling???

  27. Do You Know Where Any Polygamists Are? • Federal agents hunting polygamists • Family members and young children told not to talk to strangers

  28. John Taylor • President of LDS Church 1877 after Brigham Young dies • Shot in Carthage Jail • Ran church from underground-3 wives • Died underground in 1887

  29. The Manifesto • September 24, 1890 issued by Wilford Woodruff • “…refrain from contracting any marriages forbidden by the law of the land.” • President Woodruff hoped would continue operation of the church • Huge step in Utah gaining statehood

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