The Fund

1. The Fund Supporting Youth Employment Projects in Emerging Sectors A way forward 2006

2. Message from the Executive Director Dear Friends The YES Campaign began as a glimmer in our eyes in 1998 and now 8 years later the issue of youth employment is fully embedded in the global agenda. With the UN’s YEN leading the way… the YES Country Networks play a key role in bringing diverse stakeholders together to fulfill our promise to our youth. Now is the time to strengthen the efforts of YES and YEN by pulling together a Global Fund for Youth Entrepreneurship it is an idea whose time has come. In this presentation we have outlined why the time is right. We are expecting that this Fund will be hosted at an institution that has the experience to serve in that capacity, and YES will work to build capacity of young people, and that YEN will work on creating an enabling policy environment. And all other partners in the ecology will stand up and play their part. Please view this as just a concept note that needs your comments and support. In solidarity Poonam Ahluwalia

3. The Fund Table of Contents 1. The Twin Opportunities 2. The YES Campaign’s Solution 3. The YES Campaign Fund 4. Sector Solutions 5. YES Background Information

4. The Fund 1. The Twin Opportunities

5. The Fund The Twin Opportunities Developing countries currently face two sets of pressing problems: Sector Development Needs Youth Unemployment • Renewable Energy: 2 billion people lack access to energy/electricity • Water & Sanitation: 2.5 billion people lack access to clean water and sanitation • Rural Development: 60% of the developing world still live in rural areas • Information & Communication Technologies: barely 2% of the world population has internet access • HIV/Aids: 95% of the estimated 38 million people infected with HIV live in developing countries • There are currently 1 billion young people between the ages of 15-24 • 850 million of these are living in developing countries • Over the next 30 years, this number will increase by another 1.2 billion, mostly in developing countries • Young people are cognizant of the inequities of the global system, and are susceptible to association with the negative forces in their communities • It is critical that youth employment opportunities are developed Imagine if we could solve both of these problems at once?

6. The Fund Unemployment of youth has far-reaching implications on the labour market and the society at large. Youth unemployment contributes to economic exclusion and poverty and increases the probability of future joblessness. Youth unemployment results in the loss of a valuable contribution to economic activity and growth from one of the most productive elements in society. It obstructs the movement of young people from adolescence to adulthood and in turn is a major cause of crime and drug abuse. High levels of youth unemployment can also lead to alienation from society and distrust of democratic political processes. As a result, social cohesion is undermined.” International Labour Organization’s World Employment Report 1998/99

7. The Fund 2. The YES Campaign’s Solution

8. The Fund Introduction to the YES Campaign • The YES Campaign was launched in Egypt in September 2002 by over 1,600 delegates from 120 countries, under the Co Chair of Suzanne Mubarak and President Bill Clinton • The campaign was launched in response to the enormous global challenge of youth unemployment affecting millions of young people around the world the goals to • build the capacity of young people to create sustainable livelihoods • establish an entrepreneurial culture where youth will work towards self employment • Today, in over 60 countries youth-led YES Networks work with stakeholder groups such as the government, business, academics, NGOs, UN agencies etc. to develop programs, and suggest policies for promoting youth employment • These YES Networks are supported by 5 regional coordinators, and the YES Headquarters in Boston • Additionally, the YES Campaign works with national and global partners to develop and deploy effective programs that realize the following objectives • Develop capacity of youth to lead in-country youth employment initiatives • Promote (in-country) youth employment to address key development challenges • Build in-country coalitions to develop national strategies addressing youth unemployment We have placed the issue of youth employment on the global agenda.

9. The Fund The Evolution of the YES Campaign 1998 2002 2005 2008 2012 • Identifying the issues • Building consensus • Generating ideas • Supporting the development of 60 YES Country Networks • Advocacy with leaders and institutions • Identifying sectors for employment and doing pilot work • Establishing the YES Academy – an international R&D hub for generating employment • Building Partnerships • Creating employment generation models in YES Network countries • Building in-country self-reliance • Replicating and scaling up employment generating programs We have made great progress in building knowledge and infrastructure.

10. The Fund The 70 YES Country Networks …areyouth-led national-level coalitions focused on promoting youth employment • Manifesting two core design principles that drive the YES Campaign’s work • the recognition that no one individual or institution can do the work alone; working in partnership is essential • our belief in building self reliance and absorption capacity in our YES Network countries • Networks exist from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe! • JOIN US There is a YES Event organized somewhere in the world every other day!

11. The Fund YES Country Networks Afghanistan Albania Angola Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Canada Chad Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cote D’Ivoire Dominican Republic Egypt*** El Salvador Gambia Georgia*** Ghana Guatemala Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras India*** Iran Jordan Kenya Liberia Malaysia Malawi Mali Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mozambique Namibia Nepal Nigeria Pakistan Panama*** Paraguay Philippines Peru Romania Rwanda Senegal Serbia & Montenegro Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa*** Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda USA Uruguay Zambia Zimbabwe *** Site of Regional Coordinator

12. The Fund YES Global Activities • Outreach & Engagement • Building strategic alliances and fostering partnerships – Over 6000 members of the YES Global Alliance • Seeking and developing programs – Over 100 programs and projects • Communicating information about youth employment and the YES Campaign through newsletters, press releases, the website, electronic discussion groups, toolkits, and publications. Over 50 original publications • Convening Global Summits, organizing regional and national training workshops and Forums. Hosted 2 global and 2 Regional Summits • Knowledge Development • Designing and implementing youth employment pilot projects centered around the Campaign’s five key sectors • Conducting policy analysis and publishing policy briefs • Managing the Global Knowledge Resource (GKR) a resource database and communication medium where all stakeholders of youth employment can share and access innovative initiatives, useful toolkits, and comprehensive research and publications • Managing the YES Academy, a hub for youth employment initiatives located in India We are at the forefront of youth unemployment advocacy and research.

13. The Fund YES Global Activities • Capacity Building • Supporting the formation and development of YES Country Networks, youth-led entities comprised of diverse stakeholders groups committed to the issue of promoting youth employment • Supporting the YES Country Networks in the following activities: • Consultations: Hosting national level consultations with governments, private sector, academic institutions, education and training organizations and NGOS and youth groups to build the national coalition for youth employment • Partnership Building: Building partnerships for developing and implementing projects • Action Plans: Preparing country action plans and reports to inform stakeholders • Entrepreneurship Development: Promoting an entrepreneurial culture through workshops and materials; developing programs to provide business development services to young people; working with banks and government agencies to provide credit and to provide credit and other services to youth • Understanding Markets: Understanding the needs of the market place and creating products and services to serve the market and to help in enterprise development • Mobilizing Resources: Building the capacity of YES Network leadership to identify needs, develop projects, build partnerships, mobilize resources and implement projects • Build Absorption Capacity: Working to make the YES Networks sustainable and effective and able to absorb the resources available for its development We excel in a catalyzing youth-led employment creation programs.

14. The Fund 3. The YES Fund For Youth Employment

15. The Fund Our Request Invest in the YES Fund “Let us be clear. Half-educated, unemployed youth, with no prospect of being integrated into a better future is a prescription for disaster. If young people do not have a stake in the existing social order and political order, if they do not feel there is a way for them, why should they sacrifice today for a better tomorrow? Why should they have an interest in protecting the stability and social safety of that system?” Dr. Ismail Serageldin, Vice President, World Bank, 1999 • The Problem: • Over one billion youth in the labor market • No real jobs in the public or private sectors • Solution: • Creating Markets • Unleashing Entrepreneurship • What will the YES Fund do: • Offer a mix of grants, loans and technical assistance to young entrepreneurs • Support will be offered to those countries that have arranged matching funds • YOU CAN invest as a • A traditional philanthropic donor • A micro-finance creditor • A venture capital angel investor • A private donor at any level comfortable for you…it will take all of US! We seek your help in raising a fund to turn our knowledge into action.

16. The Fund Our Track Record We need a New Deal for Youth Employment What is Missing… is the WILL …will we? • “The YES Campaign recognizes that it is only through employment, that we can accomplish conditions of freedom, democracy and equity, where youth can live in dignity and relate to the society and the environment in a truly sustainable way”. • Dr. Mohamed T El Ashry, CEO GEF, September 2002 • Renewable Energy: The UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the Global Environment Facility have worked with us to train and develop RE entrepreneurs • Water & Sanitation: With the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) and others, we are currently developing a plan to develop income-generating programs in this sector • Rural Development: The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), the Youth Employment Network (YEN), UNIDO, and the YES Campaign are preparing a project for East Africa for promoting agribusiness among youth • Information & Communication Technologies: With the IT department of the Ministry of Technology in India the YES Campaign is proposing to set up 200 Knowledge Centers to train youth in ICT skills, and serve as an information hub for local communities • HIV/AIDS: YES Campaign staff has worked with the USAID-funded program Equip 3 in Southern Africa to prepare a livelihoods based strategy for prevention The YES Campaign is uniquely positioned to leverage your investment.

17. The Fund Overview of the Fund Fund Goals To create jobs for unemployed youth in the 5 development sectors Investment Options DONATIONS LOANS EQUITY Investment Beneficiary Knowledge & Training Individual Youth Entrepreneurs New or Growing Enterprises Investment Use • Fund “knowledge and employment centers” that provide job-skills training classes and practical experience • Provide small loans (with interest return) to local youth entrepreneurs looking to start businesses • Provide capital and strategic advice to young and growing businesses in return for an ownership stake Job CreationImpact • Prepare youth for the working world • Help build youth employment opportunities • Create many new jobs as businesses grow The Fund will offer various avenues for investment and return.

18. The Fund Donations Investments • The YES Campaign needs your investment to help strengthen local infrastructure for developing young entrepreneurs • The donations will be used to create Knowledge and Research centers that will offer • Youth Leadership Training • Green Enterprise Training • Social Entrepreneurship Training • Fundraising Training • Livelihoods Internship Programs • As well as supporting youth in • Youth Led Innovative Program Implementation • Seed Grant Projects for Entrepreneurship Development • Developing multi-stakeholder partnerships for program design • Building local capacity for program implementation • Using new technologies for livelihood generation • Community Driven Development • Designing Collaborative Projects Donations will impact scores of youth creating employment programs.

19. The Fund Loans Investments • We will work with you to select the young people and train then to design business solutions in the five development sectors • Renewable Energy • Water & Sanitation • Rural Development • Information & Communication Technologies • HIV/AIDS • The YES Fund seeks to provide the start-up capital to help these entrepreneurs launch their business ideas • Many of these investments will be made in the form of micro-credit loans that will offer investors both a return of principal and interest • Micro-credit has been proven to act as a catalyst for both new employment-generating ventures and reliable investor returns • The YES Campaign will leverage its local knowledge and experience as well as commercial and government partnerships to implement this investment initiative Loans to young entrepreneurs will spur crucial development solutions.

20. The Fund Equity Investments • In the medium-term, many of the development projects inspired and supported by YES Campaign initiatives will be in phases of fruition and growth • The YES Campaign Fund aims to be in a position to provide significant capital to young and growing enterprises to further our two goals of creating employment and developing sector infrastructure • Because the YES Campaign prefers market-based solutions and understands that hand-outs are not the best long-term answer, the Fund will make capital contributions in the form of equity • These contributions will ensure aligned incentives, long-term sustainability and an investment return to our investors • Additionally, our investors can leverage their business backgrounds and provide strategic advice to the youth entrepreneurs • Creating a culture of market-driven ownership and investment will catalyze long-term systemic change in the developing world Equity investments are the final step in ensuring lasting enterprises.

21. The Fund 4. Sector Solutions

22. The Fund Renewable Energy • Organize young people at the community level to assemble, install, service and market renewable energy systems • Provide renewable energy entrepreneurship training and seed grants or access to microfinance credit for innovative youth to launch their own renewable energy enterprise such as • providing energy for agro-based industries for making fruit pulp and juices, pickles, and drying vegetables • manufacturing of home lighting systems - lights, fans and small refrigerators for storing medication, milk • Designing and installing small power plants for institutions • maintenance of renewable energy systems and selling and installing small home systems such as solar panels • manufacturing of solar lanterns for fishing activities during the night and renewable energy based ICTs to enhance access to income generation opportunities, especially in rural areas • solar cookers • installation and maintenance of solar powered community facilities in rural areas

23. The Fund Rural Development (On-Farm and Off-Farm) • Orient agricultural extension programs towards youth, which includes • preparing then to set up small enterprises • working with credit institutions to help youth build productive assets such as land, livestock, equipment and others • vocational training, micro-entrepreneurship in the curriculum targeting young women • identifying, natural resource based micro enterprises, and offering rural youth business development services to start such enterprises • building an understanding of how agro-business value chains work and supporting rural youth entrepreneurs in producing value-added farm products

24. The Fund Water & Sanitation • Integrate youth in community management processes to improve the availability and supply of clean drinking water, sanitation services, and environmental conditions through • research, develop and disseminate information on water and sanitation sector, to inform and support behavioral change at the village level • support income-generating programs in rain water-harvesting, storage and supply • organizing community level training for youth to build and maintain low cost toilets in rural areas and tackle the sanitation needs of people in villages • training youth to build and maintain hand pumps to provide water supply to rural communities

25. The Fund Information Communication Technology • Develop programs to support ICT-based entrepreneurship through • Knowledge Centers that provide information and a business development network that seeks to link youth entrepreneurs, interns, investors, incubators with each other • “Youth in Business Centers” to support developing business ideas, explore credit options and financial management, and assist in marketing, product development • training youth in web based services such as website development and e-marketing • training youth as educators and mentors for distance learning and business development • supporting agriculture though ICT tools • incorporating the use of ICTs to support the educational programs for the students of the elementary and middle schools in the communities

26. The Fund Reproductive Health & HIV/Aids • Improve the reproductive health and family planning choices of women through • life skills and leadership trainings with reproductive health messages embedded • providing vocational, professional and entrepreneurial trainings • conducting pilot programs to evaluate the correlation between economic empowerment and improved reproductive health status • improve the livelihood opportunities of youth living with HIV/AIDS - training them in “positive living”, peer/educators/mentors, establishing a support and mentorship network • strengthen services by introducing a greater focus on youth livelihood initiatives, and supporting the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the delivery of youth-friendly HIV/AIDS and reproductive heath services

27. The Fund 5. YES Background Information

28. The Fund YES Campaign Leadership • Campaign Committee • Hafsat Abiola, Director, KIND • Nahas Angula, Prime Minister, Namibia • Jennifer Corriero, Co-Founder, TakingITGlobal • José-María Figueres, President of Costa Rica (1994-98) • Samuel González, President, Fundacion E • Koosum Kalyan, Shell International • Regina Monticone, Secretary, Youth Employment Network • Sithembiso Nyoni, Founder, ORAP • Thoraya Obaid, Executive Director, UNFPA • Ismail Serageldin, DG, Library of Alexandria • M. S. Swaminathan, World Food Prize Laureate • Anna K. Tibaijuka, Executive Director, UN-Habitat • Janet Whitla, President Emeritus, Education Development Center • President • Poonam Ahluwalia • Youth Employment Summit (YES) Campaign • Cambridge College, • 1000 Mass Ave, Cambridge, • MA 02138 USA • Email: poonam@yesweb.org

29. The Fund YES Country Networks Afghanistan Albania Angola Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bangladesh Benin Bhutan Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Canada Chad Chile Colombia Costa Rica Cote D’Ivoire Dominican Republic Egypt*** El Salvador Gambia Georgia*** Ghana Guatemala Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras India*** Iran Jordan Kenya Liberia Malaysia Malawi Mali Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mozambique Namibia Nepal Nigeria Pakistan Panama*** Paraguay Philippines Peru Romania Rwanda Senegal Serbia & Montenegro Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa*** Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda USA Uruguay Zambia Zimbabwe *** Site of Regional Coordinator

30. The Fund Recent Project Successes • India - The UNIDO/India Renewable Energy (RE) project had 4 major outcomes: • Created a RE Center for Excellence at the SRT Rural Institute (SRTRI), in Andhra Pradesh • Established a Solar Laboratory at SRTRI • Trained about 100 young people as technicians and entrepreneurs in RE • Worked with Shell Solar and other businesses to tailor the curriculum to their needs, and almost 40 percent of the trainees were hired by private business • Zambia - UNIDO/Zambia Renewable Energy (RE) project had 4 major outcomes: • The creation of a RE lab at the Elias Mutale Training Centre, in Kasama, Zambia • Training 50 Master Trainers in renewable energy enterprise development, and an additional 250 youth trained by these master trainers • A microfinance plan developed for the government • A vibrant RE enterprise development network created of institutions, experts, NGOs, youth, membership drawn from all 23 districts in Zambia • Global Environment Facility (GEF) – The Renewable Energy Fellowship program: • 5 Youth selected in competitive process (from Georgia, Ghana, India, Malawi, Peru) • Training delivered in renewable energy, leadership and entrepreneurship • Business planning assistance and start-up funding provided for businesses in • Portable Photovoltaic Panels Production and Distribution • Wind Power Mills and Turbines for Farming • Solar Equipment –lanterns, box cookers • Wind Energy to Pump Water for Communities • Bio-digesters and Solar Cookers through Bio-mass

31. The Fund The YES Framework for Action Equity Employability Entrepreneurship Employment Generation Environmental Sustainability Empowerment of Youth

32. Focus Areas for YES Inc. • Develop the YES Fund • Build capacity of the 84 Country Networks • Organize the 3 remaining Summits (2008, 2010 & 2012) • YES Academies

33. The Fund MESSAGE Each and everyone of us must assume a personal responsibility to embrace a new spirit of global collaboration for building secure communities full of productive work for young people. For any one of us to succeed we must all succeed as ONE world. President William J. Clinton, Co Chair 1st Global Youth Employment Summit Alexandria, Egypt