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Exam keys are posted on Blackboard Please check the grading and see me if you detect a problem If you have difficulty reading my handwriting, please ask If I have invited you to come by and talk, please do so Be sure to save your tests; the final exam will draw from them. Exam Statistics
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Exam keys are posted on Blackboard Please check the grading and see me if you detect a problem If you have difficulty reading my handwriting, please ask If I have invited you to come by and talk, please do so Be sure to save your tests; the final exam will draw from them Exam Statistics Range of Scores: 48 to 98 Distribution: A – 27 B – 45 C – 30 D – 14 F – 7 Announcements Regarding the Exam
Psalm 18:47 (Hebrew) • HAI ADONAI UVARUKH TZURI (2X) • Lives The LORD and blessed (is) my Rock • VEYARUM ELOHEI YESHU’ATI (2X) • And may He be exalted the God of My salvation
Judges and Ruth: A Study in Contrast
A Visual Review: Taking the Land • Jericho • Ascent to Plateau and Ai • Covenant at Shechem • Gibeon on Central Benjamin Plateau • Swing west and through Shephelah • Taking the south – Judean hill country • Conquering the north
Thematic Arrangement of Judges • Non-chronological • Grandsons of Moses (18:30) and Aaron (20:28) • Naming of Mahaneh Dan (18:12) prior to Judges 13:25 • Philistines are major enemy for Samson and will continue to be in the time of Eli, Saul, and David • Involvement of significant tribes: Judah (and the town of Bethlehem), Benjamin, Ephraim • No moral leadership (17:6; 18:1; 19:1; 21:25) – idolatry is increasingly egregious; character of judges themselves is not exemplary • Note also the weakness of the Levites
Incidents in Chapters 17-21 • Micah – “spiritual illiteracy” • Part of the tribe of Dan migrates • Move from southern exposed position to one even worse in the north • Establishment of false worship as a precedent • The Levite and his concubine – Gibeah in Benjamin • What tragic irony underlies this narrative? • What abuses take place? • What aftershocks occur?
The Exceptional Case of Ruth • The practice of hesed • Overview of locations • Bethlehem • Moab
Characters and “plot” • Naomi and Elimelekh to Moab because of famine in Bethlehem (note Judges 3:30 – Moab subject to Israel for 80 years) • Their sons married Ruth and Orpah – Moabite women • After the deaths of all the men, Naomi decided to return home • Why would she urge Ruth and Orpah to return to their families? • What did Naomi say about God? • Boaz – as kinsman-redeemer
Lessons in Ruth • God is sovereign • “there was famine in the land” (cf Deut 11:13-17) • Return at the time of the barley harvest (Ru 1:22) • Gleaning in the field of Boaz • The pattern of faithful living – hesed • Redemption • Boaz redeemed Naomi’s property as well as Ruth (an adumbration of Christ) – he served as kinsman redeemer • The son born to Ruth and Boaz was called a kinsman-redeemer • The significance of Ruth in the line of David (and Christ)