Organisms and the Environment

2. Organisms and the Environment

3. Chapter Four: Physical ScienceConnections • 4.1 Elements and Compounds • 4.2 The Compounds of Life • 4.3 Physical Variables

4. 4.3 Ecosystems and habitats • Organisms belong to larger systems that are dependent on one another and function together. • The biosphere is Earth’s life-supporting layer of land, water, and air.

5. 4.3 Ecosystems and habitats • An ecosystem is made up of groups of living things and their physical surroundings.

6. 4.3 Ecosystems and habitats • A habitatis a place where a particular type of organism lives. • This fish’s habitat is the ocean.

7. 4.3 Variables in Habitats • Individual living things are made up of many small systems that work together. • Each system has a structure(its parts) and a function (a job). What is the structure in the goldfish that functions to pump blood to it’s muscular tail? What is the function of the fish’s gills?

8. 4.3 Land habitats • Many variables affect life on land. • Five important variables are: • temperature • precipitation • sunlight • type of soil • oxygen What variables can you see in these two different habitats?

9. 4.3 Land habitats • Soilis a mixture of decayed plant and animal parts and very small rock particles. • The type of soil varies in different land habitats.

10. 4.3 Freshwater habitats • Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface. • Less than 0.01% of Earth’s water is found in freshwater habitats on the Earth’s surface. What is the source of most of the planet’s water?

11. 4.3 Freshwater habitats • pHis a measure of chemicals called acidsand basesin water. • pH ranges from 0 to 14. • Pure water is pH 7 (neutral).

12. 4.3 The oceans • Scientists divide the oceans into zones.

13. 4.3 The oceans • Most life in the oceans is concentrated in zones where light can penetrate. • Life is difficult for organisms in the deep zones. • Some organisms are able to produce their own light. For what purpose do these organisms produce their own light?

14. Investigation 3A Living Conditions • How will similar populations react to different living conditions?

15. Chemistry Connection Chef or Scientist? • Measure accurately, stir, heat, carefully observe, and don’t stick your finger in anything.

16. Activity What’s on your Label? • Food packages are required by law to have nutrition facts labels. • In this activity, you will study some breakfast cereal labels.