HAZARD COMMUNICATION

1. HAZARD COMMUNICATION Presented by Jim Gable, Chemical Safety Coordinator Department of Environmental Health & Safety Dorland Bldg 753-1610

2. Introduction • Ensure that the hazards of chemicals are evaluated • Ensure information on hazards is communicated to employers & employees

3. Summary of Course • UNDERSTANDpurpose of HAZCOM • KNOW how to identify hazards • UNDERSTAND how to interpret information on labels & SDSs • KNOW how to obtain and use a SDS

4. Agenda • Overview of Standard • Written Hazard Communication Program • Chemical hazards • Label & information • Safety Data Sheets

5. Scope of HAZCOM Assess hazards MANUFACTURERS Label chemicals Produce SDS Provide information to employers DISTRIBUTORS Provide information to employees EMPLOYERS Maintain written program & SDS EMPLOYEES Training

6. Chemical manufacturers determine the hazards of the chemicals You must understand the hazards by reviewing the information provided on the SDS YOU HAVE THE RIGHT TO KNOW How HAZCOM Applies to you

7. New HAZCOM Regulations 2013 The HAZCOM Standard is now aligned with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). The update to the HAZCOM Standard will provide a common and coherent approach to classifying chemicals and communicating hazard information on labels and safety data sheets.

8. New HAZCOM Regulations 2013 The HAZCOM Standard is now aligned with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS). The update to the HAZCOM Standard will provide a common and coherent approach to classifying chemicals and communicating hazard information on labels and safety data sheets.

9. Written Program Components • Written by employer • Outlines how NIU implements the OSHA HAZCOM Standard • May be reviewed by Employee • No substantial changes to the written Hazcom Program

10. Labeling requirements • Employers must ensure labels are present on containers • Employees must label portable/ secondary containers if used for more than their shift or if not going to be used right away

11. Labeling Requirements • Chemical manufacturers place labelschemical name name & address of mfgr. • New Labeling requirements includeHazard & Precautionary statement Signal words Pictogram

12. Labeling RequirementsHazard statement Hazard statement: means a phrase that describe the nature of the hazard of a chemical, including, where appropriate, the degree of hazard. Examples: Toxic or fatal if swallowed Highly flammable liquid Corrosive to skin or eyes

13. Labeling RequirementsPrecautionary statement Precautionary statement: means a phrase that describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical or improper storage or handling. Avoid Breathing Dust , Fumes Avoid Skin Contact

14. New Labeling RequirementsSignal Words The signal word indicates the relative degree of severity a hazard. The signal words used in the GHS are "Warning" for the less severe hazards "Danger" for the more severe hazards Will be found on product labels & SDS’s

15. New Labeling RequirementsPictograms HAZCOM Standard requires pictograms on labels to alert users of the chemical hazards to which they may be exposed. The pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard

16. Flame • Flammables • Pyrophorics • Self-Heating • Emits Flammable Gas • Self-Reactives • Organic Peroxide

17. Corrosive • Skin Corrosion • Burns • Eye Damage • Corrosive to Metals

18. TOXIC • Acute Toxicity • (fatal or highly toxic)

19. Exclamation Mark • Irritant (skin and eye) • Skin Sensitizer • Respiratory Tract Irritant • Acute Toxicity (harmful) • Narcotic Effects • Hazardous to Ozone • Layer (Non-Mandatory)

20. Health Hazard • Carcinogen • Mutagenicity • Reproductive Toxicity • Respiratory Sensitizer • Target Organ Toxicity Aspiration Toxicity

21. Flame Over Circle • Oxidizers • May not be combustible • Will yield O2 to a reaction • May intensify a fire or reaction

22. Gas Cylinder • Gases Under Pressure

23. Exploding Bomb • Explosives • Self-Reactives • Organic Peroxides

24. Environment • Aquatic Toxicity (Not required) • May not threaten humans • Posses threat to environment • i.e. Copper Sulfate

25. Safety Data Sheets • The HAZCOM Standard requires chemical manufacturers, distributors, or importers to provide Safety Data Sheets to communicate the hazards of hazardous chemical products. As of June 1, 2015, the HCS will require new SDSs to be in a uniform format, and include the section numbers, headings, information.

26. SDS Components • Section 1, Identification • Section 2, Hazard(s) identification. • Section 3, Composition/information on ingredients • Section 4, First-aid measures • Section 5, Fire-fighting measures • Section 6, Accidental release measures • Section 7, Handling & Storage • Section 8, Exposure controls/personal protection • Section 9, Physical & chemical properties • Section 10, Stability and reactivity • Section 11, Toxicological information • Section 12, Ecological information* • Section 13, Disposal considerations* • Section 14, Transport information* • Section 15, Regulatory information* • Section 16, Other information

27. Chemical Information • Manufacturers name • Emergency Phone Number • Chemical Name, Synonyms, Family & Formula

28. Hazards Identification & Composition • Provides Emergency Overview • OSHA Hazards i.e. Flammable, Harmful, Corrosive • Provides label info and Pictograms • Signal Word

29. Hazards Identification & Composition • May have NFPA or HIMS rating • Lists hazardous materials that are in the product (percentage by weight)

30. NFPA Labeling Specific Hazard Flammability Reactivity Health Numbers 0-4 Indicates Degree of Hazard

31. SDS Components • First Aid Measures Basic assistance & 911 • Firefighting Measures Use ABC Dry chemical • Accidental Release Measures 911 or EH&S • Handling & Storage Store in a cool ,dry place Store in a well ventilated area

32. Exposure Controls & Personal Protection • Provides exposure limits • Provides recommended PPE Hand , Eye, Skin and Body, & Respiratory

33. Physical Data and Chemical Properties • Boiling point • pH • Solubility • Specific gravity • Vapor density • Vapor pressure

34. Physical properties -Boiling Point • Temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas • Water boils at 212oF • DETERMINES WHETHER A SUBSTANCE WILL BE A LIQUID OR A GAS IN THE AIR UNDER SPECIFIC CONDITIONS

35. Measurement scale to determine if a substance is an acid or base Strong acids & strong bases should not be mixed together RANGE FROM 1-14 Physical Properties - pH 1 7 14 Acid Neutral Base HCL water NaOH

36. Measurement of how readily a chemical dissolves in a liquid related to specific gravity Alcohol mixes with water motor oil does not mix but floats on water surface Physical Properties - Solubility

37. Relative weight of liquid when compared to equal volume of water Chemical with SG of >1 will sink Chemicals with SG < 1 will float Examples Physical Properties - Specific Gravity Oil Water Lead

38. Relative weight of a gas as compared to an equal volume of air Determines whether chemical will rise or fall Helium <1 rises Phosgene >1 sinks Physical Properties - Vapor Density HELIUM PHOSGENE

39. Measurement of how much vapor is given off by a chemical at a specific temperature Examples Acetic Acid - 11mmIodine - 0.03 mmMore acetic acid will vaporize into the air Physical Properties-Vapor Pressure

40. Flammability Fuel • Fire Triangle Spark Oxygen

41. Lowest temperature at which a liquid will give off enough vapor to start burning if there is an ignition source USED TO CLASSIFY THE RELATIVE FIRE HAZARDS OF A LIQUID Low flash points = higher flammability Flammability - Flash Point

42. Explosive Limits • Lower Explosive Limit -enough gas or vapor in air to cause an explosion • Upper Explosive Limit - too much gas or vapor to cause an explosion “TOO RICH”

43. Reactivity Data • Stability-indicates whether chemical is stable or unstable under reasonably foreseeable conditions • Incompatibility-contact between materials and chemical that would produce a reaction

44. Toxicological Information Toxicology “The Study of Poisons” • Properties of chemicals • Individual Susceptibility • Route of Exposure

45. Routes of Exposure Ingestion Inhalation Skin Absorption Absorption into the bloodstream Circulation to Body Tissues Excretion Storage Metabolism

46. Measures of Toxicity • PEL-TLV: Permissible Exposure Limit- Threshold Limit Value. Enforceable exposure limit for an 8-hour work day below which no overexposure effects should occur • TLV-TWA: Threshold Limit value-Time Weighted Average. Recommended Limit by ACGIH based on 8-hour day/40 hour week exposure limit

47. Measures of Toxicity • LD50: Dose Lethal to 50% of animal test population • LDlo: Lowest dose lethal to an individual • TClo: Lowest concentration at which test population shows toxic effect

48. Measures of Toxicity • STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit - based on 15 minute exposure time • Ceiling: Ceiling Limit - exposure limit that should never be exceeded, even instantaneously • IDLH: Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health

49. Summary • Knowthe hazards of the chemicals you work with • Read labels and SDS for information • If unsure about the hazards, ask your supervisor