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NETWORKS AND NETWORK DEVICES

NETWORKS AND NETWORK DEVICES. OBJECTIVE:. Describe various network topologies Discuss the role of network devices Understand Network Configuration Factors to deploy a new network. 1.0 NETWORK TOPOLOGIES. Physical layout of computers, cables and other components on the network

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NETWORKS AND NETWORK DEVICES

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  1. NETWORKS AND NETWORK DEVICES

  2. OBJECTIVE: • Describe various network topologies • Discuss the role of network devices • Understand Network Configuration Factors to deploy a new network

  3. 1.0 NETWORK TOPOLOGIES • Physical layout of computers, cables and other components on the network • Also referred as: • Physical Layout • Design • Diagram • Map 1.1 Purpose of Network Topology • How computers communicate on the network • Different topology – Different communication method 1.2 Types of Network Topologies • Bus • Star • Ring

  4. 1.2.1 Bus • Terminals are connected in a row along a single cable • Single cable is also known as Trunk, Backbone or Segment 1.2.1.a How it works? • Sending host sends the data to all computers in network • Only that node accepts the data whose address matches the destination code • Only one computer can send data at one time • Network performance affects as number of nodes increases • If one computer fails it does not affect rest of the network • Terminators are installed at each end to absorb free signals (signal bouncing) • Network becomes down if one end is empty or cable is physically cut

  5. 1.2.2 Star • Terminals are connected by a cable segment to a central device • Central Device can be a HUB or Switch 1.2.2.a How it works? • Sending host sends the data to central device • Central Device sends the data to receiving host • If central device fails, the entire network becomes down • If one computer or one cable fails, it does not affect rest of the computers

  6. 1.2.3 Ring • Terminals are connected on a single circle of cable • No terminated ends 1.2.3.a How it works ? • Signals travel in a loop in one direction and pass through each computer • Each computer acts like a repeater unlike passive bus topology • Failure of one computer can impact the entire network • Ring topology use TOKEN PASS technology

  7. 2.0 NETWORK DEVICES 1. Network Interfaces 2. Hubs 3. Switches 4. Routers 5. Firewalls PURPOSE OF NETWORK DEVICES: • Regulate the speed at which network information travels • Manage flow of traffic, opening, closing and directing of traffic • Protect sensitive information

  8. 2.1 Network Interfaces • Network Interface Card (NIC) is a device used to connect computers, printers and other peripherals to a network • Sending NIC --- Parallel into serial form • Receiving NIC --- Serial into Parallel form • Speed is measured in bps • Each NIC has a unique MAC address • Each NIC is assigned an IP Address by Network Administrator

  9. 2.2 HUB • HUB stands for Hybrid Universal Bus • A small device gathers the signals from each individual device optionally amplifies, and sends the data to all other connected devices • All devices connected to a HUB share the bandwidth of network • More devices connected to a HUB, lower the network performance • 12 or 24 ports available in standard HUB • Speed is measured in bps

  10. 2.3 Switch • Switch works exactly in the same way as HUB except: • It does not broadcast • It does not interfere network bandwidth • 8, 12, 24 Ports are usually available • Speed is measured in bps • Must be compatible with other network devices

  11. 2.4 Routers • Routers connect two or more networks of different design • Find the best path (route) to transmit data • Routers can be programmed to define traffic rules • Expertise are required to configure routers

  12. 2.5 Firewalls • A device (combination of hardware and software) that protects unauthorized access to a network Types of Firewalls • Packet Screening Firewalls • Proxy Servers • State full Inspection Proxies

  13. 3.0 NETWORK CONFIGURATION FACTORS • Choosing the Network Type / Utilization • Peer to Peer • Server Based Networking • Choosing the Network Topology / Performance • Bus • Star • Ring • Choosing the Communication Media / Performance • Physical Media • Wireless Media • Light Emitted Media • Future Considerations / Flexibility • Cost • Maintenance

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