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VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere. Presented by:. Irvind S. Ghai Director, VOP Asia-Pacific Broadband Communications Group, Texas Instruments. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere ….

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  1. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere Presented by: Irvind S. Ghai Director, VOP Asia-Pacific Broadband Communications Group, Texas Instruments

  2. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary

  3. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary

  4. The Evolution of VoIP Wi-Fi IP Phones Wi-Fi WAN VoIP gateway/PBX Voice gateway PSTN MOBILE Wi-Fi IP Phones Analog phones Cellular

  5. State of the VoIP Union • Worldwide broadband usage increasing • Availability of consumer VoIP services • VoIP infrastructure in place • Spotlight on VoIP regulation 250 200 150 100 50 0 249.0 220.2 195.9 169.1 133.5 In Millions 99.4 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 In-Stat/MDR, 2003

  6. Technology Advances Enable VoIP Market Micro Processor DSP & Micro Processor Subsystem DSP FPGA Tomorrow 1 Chip For VoIP And W-iFi Single-Chip VoIP Processor Line Codec Ethernet Switch Ethernet Switch Ethernet MAC/Phy Ethernet MAC/Phy 2002 3 Chips 2004 1 Chip Tomorrow 1 Chip 2000 6 Chips BOM

  7. Integration of VoIP …with Broadband, Wireless and Consumer Electronics Anywhere Any network True mobility. With VoIP, that’s now possible. Any device Anytime

  8. What You Need to Know About TI and VoIP • 80% market share • Over 200 customers • Extensive history • Expertise in DSP + Telogy Networks • Solutions for all VoIP applications • Complete broadband portfolio • Voice over cable, DSL, Wi-Fi IP phone Residential gateway Enterprise gateway Infrastructure equipment

  9. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary

  10. Total VoIP IC RevenueForecast 2002-2007 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 10,000 0 $160,000 $140,000 $120,000 $100,000 $80,000 $60,000 $40,000 $20,000 0 US$ in Thousands Ports in Thousands 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Shipments (Units - K) Revenue (US$ - K) Source: In-Stat/MDR 11/03

  11. Installed Port Base: Carriers • Huawei has 8M installed ports, ZTE has 0.5M, UTSI data is not available • Data Source: Dittberner

  12. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary

  13. VoIP Market Trends: 5 years Infrastructure Enterprise Voice • 40% of enterprise phones are IP phones • 60% of enterprises have a VoIP gateway • 70% of PBXs will be IP-based • 40% of inter-office voice will be packet • Over 120M VoIP ports will ship annually Voice Consumer Services Revenue Payback: $300+/Subscriber 6-18 months Source: Nortel, VON-E 2004 • Over 10M consumer handsets with VoWLAN • 15% of households will regularly use VoIP

  14. VoIP Trends Security • SRTP, IPSEC viable candidates going forward • Requires more processing power per channel Wireless LAN • Business office applications • Consumer opportunities in Asia/Japan • Issues remaining • Roaming impact • QOS • Merging of wireless IP and cell phones

  15. H.261 G.722 H.26L G.728 AC3 H.263 G.722.1 VoIP Trends Codecs • Migration to common codecs for wireline and wireless systems • Wideband AMR is both a 3G and ITU standard • EVRC and SMV-capable gateways to remove transcoding requirements Video • Simple “snapshot” features to evolve into full motion • Business driver -- videoconferencing on the phone • Consumer rollout is tied to cellular rollout • Gateways need to transcode Internet standards to cellular standards

  16. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Quality Monitoring Handling Echo Summary

  17. Quality Monitoring for VoIP What happens if it doesn’t sound good…. • Telephony tools support production lab testing • LAN, packet network tools don’t capture voice QoS problems Results hurt: • Market penetration • Network manager’s ability to support service • Carrier’s ability to assure quality • Manufacturer’s ability to defend products QoS Voice

  18. Causes of Quality Degradation • Causes: processing, accumulation, network transmission • Mitigation: efficient gateway design, network design Delay Echo • Causes: poor cancellation solution • Mitigation: robust canceller design, network planning Jitter • Causes: packet network behavior • Mitigation: adaptive buffer management Packet Loss • Causes: jitter buffer overload, bit error, processing overload • Mitigation: PLC algorithms in vocoder implementation Equipment Faults/Failures • Causes: power outages, equipment performance issues • Mitigation: fault monitoring reports, alarms

  19. Active Monitoring Intrusive Metrics calculation on “test” calls Voice Quality Monitoring Passive Monitoring • Non-Intrusive • Metrics calculation on “live” calls Port Mirroring QoS Monitoring Station Probe Switch Reportingprotocol Gateway IP Phone Simulated traffic Phone

  20. IP Network IP Network RTCP Passive Monitoring QoS Monitor QoS Domain QoS Domain VoIP End-Point DSP RTCP EP EmbeddedSoftware EP MonitoringSoftware DSP

  21. PSTN EP EP EP EP EP EP Passive Monitoring PBX Phone Gateway Reports RTP OfficeNetwork Phone Gateway PC IP phone PacketNetwork Phone PBX Gateway NMS Phone BB modem Call server OfficeNetwork PC IP phone

  22. Comprehensive QoS monitoring and management is required for VoIP • Techniques and standards exist • VoIP equipment needs to include monitoring and measurement elements • Comprehensive statistics must be available in gateways and IP phones • Embedded passive monitoring probes and RTCP are a must QoS

  23. Echo Line Echo Two major types of echo problems Line echo is typically associated with VoIP gateways Acoustic Echo Acoustic echo is typically associated with IP phones

  24. Line Echo Source Echo reflected by the hybrid located in a residential GW Gateway Gateway IP Network 2 to 4 wire hybrids: echo is created in the near end gateway largely due to dissipation in the hybrid. This echo would be transmitted to the far end without a quality Line Echo Canceller (LEC).

  25. Important EC Attributes • Convergence time (initial/updates) –time to train on the echo • Magnitude of the combined loss • Convergence on narrowband signals (e.g., DTMF tones) • Double talk detection • Performance with high background noise – can cause instability and loss of echo cancellation

  26. GLCom TAS Quality Assessment G.168 S S A E P D  D P A E S S TI Line EC Testing • Passed AT&T’s Voice Quality Assessment Lab certification • Over 140 test cases • Automated G.168 testing (head acoustics equipment) • Manual testing (TAS, GLCom, various hybrid models)

  27. Line Echo Conclusions Line Echo Cancellation (LEC) is a difficult problem to solve TI’s LEC offers world-class performance TI’s LEC is widely deployed and field-hardened with many years of experience

  28. Acoustic Echo Cancellation Acoustic Echo Acoustic Echo • Echo from sound that comes out of a speaker and is reflected back to the microphone Nature of Acoustic Echo • Changing echo path (people come in/out of room, move around) • Dependent on factors like room size (affects tail length) • Frequency dependence of speaker and microphone Environmental Challenges • VoIP network delay and jitter • Competing for processor resources in VoIP solution

  29. Canceling Acoustic Echo Acoustic Echo Cancellation Need Adaptive Filtering • Estimating/predicting echo • Removing echo Use Nonlinear Processing (NLP) to cancel residual echo and to generate comfort noise (CNG) Required for Full Duplex Speakerphone (FDX)

  30. Design Elements Quality enclosure design factors • Speaker and microphone • Selection • Location • Mounting • Frequency response Quality analog front end components • A-to-D and D-to-A components • Programmable gain amplifier Quality of workmanship • Ability to replicate products in the manufacturing process

  31. Speakerphone Challenges • Background noise • Unbalanced speech levels • Doubletalk • Echo path changes • Non-linear distortion (speaker & microphone) • Mechanical problems • Electric coupling • Speaker volume

  32. Software Enhancement Methods The following software techniques can be used to optimize speakerphone performance: • Automatic gain control • Automatic level control • Noise reduction • Speaker equalization • Comfort noise generation Software techniques cannot guarantee true full-duplex operation with a bad enclosure design!

  33. Acoustic Echo Conclusions Full-duplex speakerphone performance will be hard to accomplish unless the AEC can provide stable and steady convergence under a variety of environmental conditions A quality enclosure and the selection of quality analog front end components are key to full-duplex IP speakerphone performance TI provides world-class AEC and related subject matter expertise designed to help customers succeed in IP speakerphone applications

  34. VOP: Anywhere & Everywhere …. Background & Evolution Product Deployment Industry Trends Solution Differentiators Summary

  35. TI Vision: Ubiquitous VoIP • VoIP is more than a replacement for traditional telephony • VoIP capability can be incorporated into any connected device • VoIP is changing how and where we communicate Reduced Cost The future called. TI answered.

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