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János Fügedi Comparing Methods of Digitizing 16 mm Archive Films

János Fügedi Comparing Methods of Digitizing 16 mm Archive Films. Traditional Dance Archive of the Institute for Musicology. approx. 240.000 m 16 mm films. = approx. 450 hours. Digitizing films. against. for.

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János Fügedi Comparing Methods of Digitizing 16 mm Archive Films

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  1. János Fügedi Comparing Methods of Digitizing 16 mm Archive Films

  2. Traditional Dance Archive of the Institute for Musicology approx. 240.000 m 16 mm films = approx. 450 hours

  3. Digitizing films against for - durability of digital media is uncertain (that of film is unknown either) - enhance security (films deteriorate by time stretch brake acetic fermentation) - quality loss at analog/digital conversion - (extreme) high costs - strong social pressure for availability - huge storage capacity needed - „forbidden” reverse films, films only in negative get available - extra registry - fast access - possibility of on-line databases

  4. Expected quality How to digitize films? PrestoSpace (BBC, ORF, Ina France, RAI, ... 36 members) Standardised Practices for Audiovisual Contents in Europe A survey on High expectations from the part of Film Archives

  5. Formats How to digitize films? SD SDI= Standard Definition Serial Digital Interface bitrates 270 Mbit/s (Digital Beta) 143 Mbit/s (NTSC - 480i) 177 Mbit/s (PAL - 576i) frame: 720x576 pixels color space: 4:2:2 - representing RGB Y - brightness (luma) Cb, Cr - color difference color depth: 8- bit/pixel/space component 1 frame = 1.2 MB („uncompressed”)

  6. Formats How to digitize films? HD SDI= High Definition Serial Digital Interface bitrates 1.485 Gbit/s - HDTV (720p, 1080i) 3G SDI bitrates 2.9705 Gbit/s - „true HD” (1080p) 1920x1080 pixel4:4:4 color space 10 bit color depth 1 frame = 7.8 MB however...

  7. Formats How to digitize films? Dynamic range of film (even 16 mm) is still wider than that of SDI representation Film industry introduced Film Scanning frame by frame 2k 2048x1536 pixels 1 frame = 12 MB suitable for 16 mm 4k 4096x30726k 6144x46088k 8192x6144 1 frame = 47 MB 1 frame = 106 MB 1 frame = 188 MB result can be written back to film

  8. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Easy ”home” solution: shooting the screen of the editing table

  9. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Advance ”home” solutions: video camera and film projector assembled projection directly to CCD

  10. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Advance ”home” solutions: film projector assembled to a 45o mirror system (+ Fresnel lense)

  11. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Professional solution: telecine = tele(vision) + cine(ma) transferring motion picture film into video form (SD SDI, HD SDI) Flying spot scanner scanning lines photon beam dichroic mirrors inverted CRT concept of scanning blue CRT red green CCD scanner “white” light through film a prismseparates the image into the three primary colorscolored light is projected at a different CCDCCD converts the light into electrical impulses

  12. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? „Easy”, half-professional solution: small telecine machines (Tobin Cinema system)

  13. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Professional solution: telecine machines da Vinci system color correction for telecine Beta SPDigital Beta MTV Archiving Department

  14. Methods, equipments How to digitize films? Professional solution: film scanners Continuous motion scanning2-30 fps Single frame intermitten pull downapprox. 1 fps Cintel Thomson Thomson Northlight Lasergraphics Comparing methods

  15. Comparing methods shooting the the editing table’s screen DV AVI from a JVC 3x1/2” CCD camera (presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  16. Comparing methods camera and projector assembled – „directly” to CCD DV AVI from Panasonic 3x1/3” CCD handycam(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  17. Comparing methods editing table recording compared to CCD DV AVI from cameras(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  18. Comparing methods telecine – MTV telecined DV AVI via da Vinci (presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  19. Comparing methods telecine – Filmlabor telecined DV AVI via da Vinci(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  20. Comparing methods telecine – MTV–Filmlabor compared telecined DV AVI via da Vinci(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  21. Comparing methods telecine– Filmlabor TARGA sequence DV AVI from animated TARGA sequence(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  22. Comparing methods Filmlabor TARGA – „projected to CCD” compared different source DV AVI (presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  23. Comparing methods Oberon 2k scanned TARGA sequence DV AVI from scanned TARGA sequence(presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  24. Comparing methods Filmlabor TARGA – Oberon 2k scanned compared DV AVI (presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  25. Comparing methods Filmlabor TARGA – Oberon 2k scanned compared DV AVI (presentation WMV) (In this Internet version of the presentation the film clips are not available.

  26. Comparing methods 2k scanned single frame SD Telecine TGA single frame detail compared

  27. Comparing methods SD Telecine TGA single frame 2k scanned single frame (1600%) (880%) price 0.01 Eur/frame 0.10 Eur/frame storage 1.2 MB/frame 12 MB/frame

  28. Thank you for your attention!

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