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Bellwork : Where do you think our soil comes from?

1. Homework Reminder: I will take up the two homeworks together on Thursday. Your Quiz is on Friday on Soil, Water and Resources. . Bellwork : Where do you think our soil comes from?. 3. Things to Do Today: Distribute Notes Complete Independent Work.

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Bellwork : Where do you think our soil comes from?

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  1. 1. Homework Reminder: I will take up the two homeworks together on Thursday. Your Quiz is on Friday on Soil, Water and Resources. • Bellwork: Where do you think our soil comes from? 3. Things to Do Today: Distribute Notes Complete Independent Work

  2. I want to be soil when I grow up and age! ROCK Soil Quality Background Research: You will turn in notebook paper with your notes and your drawings. 2 sheets of paper. Read pages G49-55 Take notes on 7 sections. Draw, Color and Label: Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7( 3. column only! Add 2 decomposers, 3 consumers and 2 producers= See picture on 52-53 for guidance. Label Horizons and Organisms: Name /Type) Front Explain the effects of soil quality on the characteristics of an ecosystem. Figure 5 -------------------- Figure 6 Back Figure 7 Grass/Producer Horizon A

  3. Soil-one of the most valuable abiotic factors! Why is soil/dirt so valuable…..because everything that lives on land depends directly or indirectly on soil. How does soil affect the environment? It effects the types of plants that can grow im an ecosystem…which directly impacts the types of other organisms that can live. Should soil quality change in any of its properties, the ecosystem (including life forms) will also change!

  4. This soil below has changed. If an ecosystems soil goes from the forest stage to the bare rock stage, how could this affect different organisms?

  5. What are the properties of soil? Soil Profile Composition Texture Particle Size Permeability pH These last two can be measured!

  6. Soil Profile Soil forms in layers (HORIZONS) and all the layers make up the soil profile A mature soil consists of three layers – topsoil, subsoil, and parent material above the bedrock Topsoil that is nutrient rich, containing a mixture of humus, clay, and minerals, is most suitable for plant growth Most animals live in the topsoil horizon

  7. Composition Soil is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air and water. The decayed organic material in soil is humus/silt. The sand silt, and clay portion of soil comes from weathered bedrock material The combination of these materials in soil determines the soil type and affects the types of plants that can grow in it or animals that can live in it. Factors that may affect soil type are the types of plants, climate, time, and slope of the land

  8. Texture Soil texture depends on the size of individual soil particles and is determined by the relative proportions of particle sizes that make up the soil Texture names may include loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam, or clay depending on the percent of sand silt and clay in the soil sample. The texture affects the amount of water that can be absorbed for use by plants and animals.

  9. Particle Size Soil particles are classified by size ranging from coarse sand to very fine sand to silt, and finally to the smallest particle size clay. Soil particles that are larger than 2mm are called gravel Particle size also affects the amount of water that can be absorbed and used by plants and animals.

  10. Permeability(Measurable property) • Soil particles have open spaces (pores) between them that let water flow through • How freely that water flows is the permeability of the soil • The closer the particles pack together because of particle size, the less permeable the soil is. • Measuring permeability involves calculating the rate of drainage.

  11. This hole in the ground is a percolation test in progress. How could we test soil permeability in the classroom?

  12. pH • Soils can be basic or acidic and usually measure 4-10 on the pH scale. • Indicators can be used to measure the pH of soils. • Most plants grow best in soils with a pH of between 5-7 • Regardless of the nutrients present in the soil, if the pH is not suitable those nutrients will be inaccessible to the organisms. • Lime is a kind of fertilizer that alters the pH( makes it more alkaline) and making the soil nutrients more accessible. Sulfur will make the soil more acidic.

  13. Some plants grow best in certain soils! • Hydrangeas: the pH Oddball • Have you noticed that one shrub border full of the same hydrangea plants can display flowers ranging from pink to purple to true blue?  That is a phenomenon caused by pH differences of the soil in one location or another.   The blue color in hydrangeas is caused by uptake of aluminum, which is most available at a soil pH in the acidic range (below 5.5).  In soils with a pH higher than 5.5, the flowers will turn pink.  • Plants that love acidic soils: Dogwood, begonia, azaleas, rhododendrons

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