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China’s Ancient Philosophies

China’s Ancient Philosophies. Legalism Confucianism Daoism. Warring States. The last period we talked about 403 B.C. Chinese society was experiencing disorder Lords and kings fought with each other Many people wondered what it would take to develop peace. . Legalism.

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China’s Ancient Philosophies

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  1. China’s Ancient Philosophies Legalism Confucianism Daoism

  2. Warring States • The last period we talked about 403 B.C. • Chinese society was experiencing disorder • Lords and kings fought with each other • Many people wondered what it would take to develop peace.

  3. Legalism • Belief that rulers should force people to obey laws. • Many people who believed this thought a strong government was the answer to Chinese problems • Belief that human nature is wicked • People were only good if they were forced to behave that way • Harsh punishments were needed to make people afraid

  4. Force people to report law breakers • If they did not, they would receive harsh punishments* • Their would be a reward for reporting law breakers • Arrested people who questioned the government • Taught rulers to burn books that contained different philosophies** To help fulfill Legalism

  5. Confucianism Confucius lived from 551 to 479 B.C. Developed ideas to have peace Respect for others is necessary Government leaders should set an example of the expected behavior Confucius students collected his ideas and wrote Analects*

  6. Five Relationships • Taught a code of proper conduct for people • Five relationships • Each relationship has their own duties • Two basic categories • Proper conduct in family • Proper conduct in society • Father and son • Elder brother and junior brother • Husband and wife • Friend and friend • Ruler and subject Five Basic Relationships

  7. Proper conduct began at home • Husbands were good to their wives • Wives obeyed their husbands • Brothers were kind to brothers • Older brother was more in charge • In society, authorities should be respected • Rulers responsibility to respect his subjects and live correctly Proper Conduct Confucius believed Filial Piety: Is the cornerstone of the social structure. This is treating parents with respect

  8. Daoism • Philosophy is said to have began with Laozi* • Universal force called the Dao, guides all things • To relate to nature humans have to find their own individual way • Learn to live in harmony with nature and inner feelings

  9. Did not argue about good or bad • Did not try to change things • Did not want to be involved with the government • Yin and yang, two things that interact • Black stands for cold, dark, mysterious • White stands for warm bright light • Forces complement one another Following Daoism

  10. Comparing the philosophies Legalism Confucianism Daoism

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