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KEPENTINGAN/PERANAN CAHAYA : Mempertahankan suhu

KEPENTINGAN/PERANAN CAHAYA : Mempertahankan suhu Proses fotosintesis Siklus hidrologi SATUAN CAHAYA : Watt, Joule, Lux, Langley, Kalori Foot candle,.

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KEPENTINGAN/PERANAN CAHAYA : Mempertahankan suhu

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  1. KEPENTINGAN/PERANAN CAHAYA : Mempertahankan suhu Proses fotosintesis Siklus hidrologi SATUAN CAHAYA : Watt, Joule, Lux, Langley, Kalori Foot candle, S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  2. Siklus hidrologi Sumber: Max Planck Institut For Meteorology (1999) S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  3. PANJANG GELOMBANG ( λ ) : 100 – 3.000 nm (10-9m) < 300 nm : Ultra Violet 300 – 700 nm : PAR – Photosynthetic Active Radiation Visible Light 300 – 490 nm Biru 490 – 585 nm Hijau 585 – 700 nm Merah 555 nm Kuning Hijau, Pusat Cahaya > 700 nm : Infra Red S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  4. The electromagnetic spectrum: The electromagnetic spectrum. Image from Purves et al., Life: The Science of Biology, 4th Edition, by Sinauer Associates (www.sinauer.com) and WH Freeman (www.whfreeman.com). http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPS.html S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  5. ALAT PENGUKUR CAHAYA : LUX METER, PYRHELIOMETER ALBEDOMETER PHOTOCELL IMMERGEABLE SECCHI DISK/DISC S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  6. Penurunan cahaya karena : 1. Refleksi – dipantulkan 2. Absorpsi – diserap Refleksi + Absorpsi + Transmisi = 1 3. Transmisi – Dibiaskan datang pantul α1 α2 α1= α2 α1 > α3 α3 bias SCATTERING S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  7. CAHAYA DARI MATAHARI (%) YANG SAMPAI KE BUMI Dari matahari : 1,92 gcal/cm2/menit Daerah ekuator : 800-900 gcal/cm2/hari Kutub pada musim panas : 1.100 gcal/cm2/hari S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  8. Rumus LAMBERT-BEER Iz = Io. e-kz z = Kedalaman Iz = Intensitas cahaya pada kedalaman z Io = Intensitas cahaya pada kedalaman 0 (permukaan) e = Bilangan eksponensial k = Coeficient of Extinction, ( Koefisien Peredaman, Pemadaman, Peredupan) Kz = K air + K Partikel Tersuspensi + K Diss.coll.compound Nilai K berbeda : Setiap Perairan Setiap Waktu Setiap Panjang Gelombang Setiap Kedalaman RUMUSLAMBERT-BEER Iz = Io e-kz S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  9. Iz = I0.e-kzdikalikan Ln Ln Iz = Ln Io.e-kz = Ln Io + Ln e-kz = Ln Io – kz Ln e (Ln e = 1) = Ln Io – kz Ln Iz + kz = Ln Io Kz = Ln Io – Ln Iz S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  10. Kz = Ln Io – Ln Iz S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  11. ZONASI VERTIKAL CAHAYA DI DALAM AIR 0 1 50 100 Incident Light (%) Depth Fotosintesis > Respirasi ZONE PHOTIC Fotosintesis = Respirasi Compensation Depth Fotosintesis< Respirasi ZONE APHOTIC S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  12. Misalnya agar fotosintesis = respirasi diperlukan cahaya 5 lux S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  13. KESUBURAN PERAIRAN DILIHAT DARI CAHAYA • Subur (Eutrophe) 0 – 3 m • Moderat/Sedang (Mesotrphe) 3 – 6 m • Miskin/tidak subur (Oligotrophe) >6 m • Catatan : - Perairan Tawar • - Kedalaman perairan > 6 m

  14. RATA-RATA NILAI PRODUKSI PRIMER BERSIH BERBAGAI LINGKUNGAN (Valiela, 1984) S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  15. Images from Purves et al., Life: The Science of Biology, 4th Edition, by Sinauer Associates (www.sinauer.com) and WH Freeman (www.whfreeman.com) http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookPS.html S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  16. Chlorophyll http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/cfb/Photosynthesis.htm Chlorophylls Two types of chlorophyll are found in plants and the green algae. ·        chlorophyll a, & ·        chlorophyll b The difference in their structures is shown in the figure (red disks). http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chlorophyll.html S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  17. http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chlorophyll.htmlhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Chlorophyll.html the structure of beta-carotene, one of the most abundant carotenoids. Note: the system of alternating single and double bonds that in this molecule runs along the hydrocarbon chain that connects the two benzene rings. http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/botf99/photo/p3igments.htm Xanthophylls are essentially oxidized Carotenoids and contain oxygen. They are usually red and yellow and do not absorb energy as well as cartenoids. They are also fat soluble. S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  18. http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/botf99/photo/p3igments.htm S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  19. http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/energyflow/energyflow.html S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  20. THE LIGHT REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS http://employees.csbsju.edu/hjakubowski/classes/ch331/oxphos/olphotsynthesis.html S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  21. Figure 2. Absorption spectrum of isolated chlorophyll and carotenoid species. The color associated with the various wavelengths is indicated above the graph. S2 Produktivitas Perairan

  22. ENAN M ADIWILAGA Lantai 2 Wing 14 (N) Nomor 2 – Menghadap ke danau Telp. Facs 8421731 Rumah : Jl Soka No 18 Kampus IPB Darmaga (Perumdos) Bogor 16680 Telp.Facs. 8621325 HP 0811118108 S2 Produktivitas Perairan

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