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ANTIOKSIDAN

ANTIOKSIDAN. Hidajah Rachmawati,S.Si,Apt,SpFRS. Antioksidan.

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ANTIOKSIDAN

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  1. ANTIOKSIDAN Hidajah Rachmawati,S.Si,Apt,SpFRS

  2. Antioksidan • Antioksidan adalah substansi yang diperlukan tubuh menetralisir radikal bebas dan mencegah kerusakan yang ditimbulkan o/ radikal bebas dengan melengkapi kekurangan elektrolit yg dimiliki radikal bebas dan menghambat terjadinya reaksi berantai dari pembentukan radikal bebas yg dpt menimbulkan stres oksidatif

  3. RADIKAL BEBAS • Radikal bebas merupakan jenis oksigen yg memiliki tingkat reaktif yg tinggi dan scr alami ada didlm tubuh sebagai hasil dari reaksi biokimia tubuh • Radikal bebas juga terdapat di lingkungan sekitar kita yg berasal dari polusi udara, asap tembakau, penguapan alkohol yg berlebihan, bahan pengawet dan pupuk, sinar ultr violet, x-rays dan ozon

  4. Oxidant : RO•,•O2- HO•, HOO•,H2O2 ROO• , 1O2 Antioxidants RO•, ·O2- HO· HOO· H2O2, ROO•, 1O2,

  5. Effect of Reactive Oxygen Species on Degenerative Diseases • Dermatitis • Age pigment Skin Heart Gastro intestinal Eye • Hepatitis • Liver injury • Heart attack • Cataractogenesis • Retinal damage • Joints • Arthritis • Teeth • Periodontis Reactive Oxygen Species • Vessels • Atherosclerosis • Vasospasms • Multiorgan failure • Cancer • Brain • Trauma • • Stroke • Lung • Asthma • Hyperoxia

  6. RADIKAL BEBAS • Radikal bebas dpt merusak sel tubuh apabila tubuh kekurangan zat anti oksidan atau saat tubuh kelebihan radikal bebas. Hal ini menyebabkan berkembangnya sel kanker,penyakit hati, arthritis, katarak, dan penyakit degeneratif lainnya, bahkan mempercepat proses penuaan. • Radikal bebas dpt merusak membran sel serta merusak dan merubah DNA . Merubah zat kimia dlm tubuh dpt meningkatkan resiko terkena kanker serta merusak dan menonaktifkan protein

  7. Antioksidan • Vit A • Vit C • Vit E • Karotenoid • selenium

  8. Vitamin E • Family of related compounds • tocopherols & tocotrienols • tocotrienols less widely distributed than tocopherols - considered of less nutritional importance • 4 major forms based on # & position of methyl groups on ring - , , ,  • all-rac -tocopherol

  9. C H 3 H O C H H C 3 3 H C H H 3  -Tocopherol Activity roughly corresponds to number of methyl groups 2 H C O C H 4' 8' 3 3 C H C H 3 3

  10. Carotenoids • About 600 identified so far • Most familiar is yellow-orange pigments of carrots, -carotene • Two major groups: carotenes and xanthophylls

  11. Carotene Groups Caroteniods carotenes xanthophylls ά-carotene Β-carotene crypto-xanthin lutein zeaxanthin

  12. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) • Biochemical function: cofactor for at least eight enzymes • At the tissue level, a major function  collagen synthesis ( vit C deficiency can lead scurvy) • The antioxidant properties protect NO, protect against age-related cataract

  13. Fruits • Grapes • Berry fruits • Prunes • Citrus fruits • Apples

  14. Vegetables Tomato Beans Broccoli Beet Mushroom Corn White cabbage Kale Cauliflower Spinach Garlic Onion

  15. O R1 O OH Isoflavone R1 R2 Genistein OH OH Genistin OH O-glucose Daidzein H OH Daidzin H O-glucose Soybean R2

  16. O H C H 3 H O C H 3 H O O C C H H C 3 3 Herb and Spice O H C H 3 H O O C H 3 C O C H H C 3 3 Carnosoic Acid Carnosol O H H O O C O O H O H O Rosemarinic Acid O H

  17. Tea O H O H O H H O O O O H H O O H O H O H O H O H Epigallocatechin Epicatechin

  18. Wine Red wine decreases coronary heart disease mortality in some part of France. Please drink up to two glasses !!! Thecoumaric, cinnamic, caffeic, and ferulic acids catechin, epicatechin and quercetin in are good antioxidants.

  19. Biological Activities of Phytochemicals Carotenoids tocopherol catechins quercetin kaempferol genistein daidzein • Antioxidants • Anticancer Agent s Isoflavones lignans • DNA repair Agents Vanillin cinnamaldehyde coumarin anisaldehyde

  20. Terima kasih

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