Chemical Interactions: Acids, Bases, & Solutions

1. Unit 2: Chemical InteractionsChapter 7: Acids, Bases, & Solutions Big Idea: Acids taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, & produce hydrogen ions (H+) in water. Bases taste bitter, turn red litmus paper blue, & produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in water

2. 4 Sections • Understanding Solutions • Concentration & Solubility • Describing Acids & Bases • Acids & Bases in Solution Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

3. Sec 1: Understanding Solutions KEY CONCEPTS • A solution has the same properties throughout. It contains solute particles that are too small to see • A colloid contains larger particles than a solution. The particles are still too small to be seen easily, but are large enough to scatter a light beam Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

4. Sec 1: Understanding Solutions (cont’d) • A suspension does not have the same properties throughout. It contains visible particles that are larger than the particles in solutions or colloids • When a solution forms, particles of the solvent surround & separate the particles of the solute • Solutes lower the freezing point & raise the boiling point of a solvent Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

5. Solution Solvent Solute Colloid Suspension Sec 1: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

6. Sec 2: Concentration & Solubility KEY CONCEPTS • To measure concentration, you compare the amount of solute to the amount of solvent or to the total amount of solution • You can identify a substance by its solubility because it is a characteristic property of matter • Factors that affect the solubility of a substance include pressure, the type of solvent, & temperature Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

7. Dilute solution Concentrated solution Solubility Saturated solution Unsaturated solution Supersaturated solution Sec 2: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

8. Sec 3: Describing Acids & Bases KEY CONCEPTS • An acid tastes sour, reacts with metals & carbonates, & turns blue litmus paper red • A base tastes bitter, feels slippery, & turns red litmus paper blue • Acids & bases have many uses around the home & in industry Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

9. Acid Corrosive Indicator Base Sec 3: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

10. Sec 4: Acids & Bases in Solution KEY CONCEPTS • An acid produces hydrogen ions (H+) in water • A base produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water • A low pH tells you that the concentration of hydrogen ions is high. In contrast, a high pH tells you that the concentration of hydrogen ions is low • In a neutralization reaction, an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt & water Mrs. Lee - Ch 7

11. Hydrogen ion (H+) Hydroxide ion (OH-) pH scale Neutral Neutralization Salt Sec 4: Key Terms Mrs. Lee - Ch 7