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UNIVERSITY OF ROME "LA SAPIENZA" FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ROME "LA SAPIENZA" FACULTY OF ENGINEERING. Department of Chemical Engineering , Raw Materials and Metallurgy. “A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF CO 2 AND ITS STORAGE IN A SEMI-DEPLETED GAS RESERVOIR ” ÖZGÜR GÜNDOĞAN

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UNIVERSITY OF ROME "LA SAPIENZA" FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

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  1. UNIVERSITY OF ROME "LA SAPIENZA"FACULTY OF ENGINEERING Department of Chemical Engineering, Raw Materials and Metallurgy “A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF CO2 AND ITS STORAGE IN A SEMI-DEPLETED GAS RESERVOIR” ÖZGÜR GÜNDOĞAN Supported by Turkish Petroleum Corporation

  2. THE RESERVOIR Kuzey Marmara • Offshore Marmara Sea • Onstream since 1997 • OGIP:5.1MMSm3 • Natural depletion reservoir • Anticlinal structure • Reservoir rock: bioclastic limestone • Reservoir top: 1150m • f:20%, k:50mD • Pi:2075psia(143bar), T:68°C

  3. PROCESS & COMPRESSION INJECTION & WITHDRAWAL INJECTION & WITHDRAWAL GAS TRASPORTATION STORAGE OF NATURAL GAS

  4. INJECTION SOURCE CAPTURE COMPRESSION TRANSPORTATION CO2 CAPTURE - TRANSPORTATION – STORAGE OF CO2

  5. CAPTURE Source of CO2 • NGCC (Natural Gas Combined Cycle) plant • nominal capacity: 468 MW • real capacity: 85% of nominal capacity • emission factor: 450 kg CO2/MWh • concentration of CO2 in flue gas: 4% volume • working hours :8000 h/year

  6. CAPTURE Fluor Daniel Econamine FG process • post-combustion capture • chemical absorption • monoethanolamine (MEA) at 30% • pureness of CO2: ≥ 99% • recovery rate: 90% Absorber: 2R-NH2 + CO2 → R-NH3+ + R-NH-COO- R-NH-COO- + R-NH3+ + (calore) → CO2 + 2R-NH2 Stripper: R=HO-CH2CH2 3530 tons of CO2 per day

  7. COMPRESSIONE Number of stages 16 MW Potenza (MW) Pin=3bar (43,5psia) Pout=141bar (2050psia) Tin=38°C Q=1,800 MSm3/d E=80%

  8. Operation range Operation range CONDITION OF CO2 Phase diagramme of CO2 Density of CO2

  9. Onshore Offshore 63m 30000m 2500m TRANSPORTATION Performance requirements • nominal capacity of 2,0 MSm3/day • maximum inlet pressure: 2200 psia (152 bar) • inlet temperature: 35°C • maximum soil temperature: 24°C

  10. TRANSPORTATION Sensitivity analysis Tubing curve for 8” Tubing curve for 6” Tubing curve for 10”

  11. TRANSPORTATION Pipe thickness Parameters • 100% CO2 • The pipeline has cooled to 6,2°C, which is the minimum temperature of the soil at 1m of depth. • Maximum inlet pressure is 2200 psia (152 bar) • The pipe can be stressed to 72% of specified minimum yield strength • Internal corrosion: none 7,8mm

  12. STORAGE Reservoir model Tank model • zero-dimensional • uniform porosity • uniform saturation • constant temperature • uniform pressure Material balance equation

  13. STORAGE Model calibration History matching Tank pressure and cumulative gas production

  14. STORAGE Model calibration History matching - Sensitivity Standard deviation against gas in place

  15. STORAGE Model calibration History matching – production prediction

  16. Cushion gas = = 2,86*109 Sm3 Maximum capacity = = 4,95*109 Sm3 Working gas = Max. capacity– Cushion gas = 4,95*109 – 2,85*109 =2,1*109 Sm3 STORAGE Cushion and working gas Pi=2075 psia (143 bar) Pcushion=1200 psia (82,7 bar) Pmax=2014,7 psia (139 bar)

  17. STORAGE Wellcapacity 5 Offshore wells: maximum capacity:0,54 – 0,86SMm3 6 Onshore extended reach wells: maximum capacity:1,3 – 1,6SMm3 Well model: VLP/IPR intersection IPR IPR MODEL: VLP

  18. STORAGE Simulation • Simulation has four phases: • depletion phase • storage of CO2 • repressurization • storage cycles

  19. STORAGE Depletionphase

  20. STORAGE Depletion phase • Period: 01/06/2005 – 29/11/2008 • Final pressure: 755psia • Cumulative factor: 3375 MSm3 • Recovery factor: 66%

  21. STORAGE Storage of CO2

  22. STORAGE Storage of CO2 Tank pressure and cumulative gas injection with storage of 2349 MSm3 of CO2

  23. STORAGE Repressurization

  24. STORAGE Storage cycles

  25. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Costs • The cost of the project can be divided in three classes: • Capital costs (Capex) • Operation and maintenance costs (Opex) • Energy costs.

  26. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Energy costs

  27. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Costs

  28. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Costs

  29. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Revenue

  30. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Credits (= 20 € / tCO2) : Constant €/t CO2seq

  31. ECONOMICAL ASSESSMENT Value of cushion gas (0,10 €): Constant €/t CO2seq

  32. Sequestration of CO2 in a semi-depleted gas reservoir is a valid option. • The substitution of cushion gas with CO2 is economically valid. • The economical analysis showed that the actual value of emission credits, 20 € per ton of CO2, is insufficient to offset the investments. • Costly to capture CO2 • Mixing between natural gas and CO2? • The physical and chemical interactions between CO2, natural gas, water, reservoir and caprock? • Long run fate of CO2? • Future of capture plant? CONCLUSIONS

  33. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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