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Manuel Ruiz Muller Peruvian Society for Environmental Law (SPDA)

Facilitating South-South Cooperation Using Intellectual Property to Protect Traditional Knowledge , Cultural Expressions and Genetic Resources. Manuel Ruiz Muller Peruvian Society for Environmental Law (SPDA). Setting the context.

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Manuel Ruiz Muller Peruvian Society for Environmental Law (SPDA)

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  1. Facilitating South-South CooperationUsingIntellectualPropertytoProtectTraditionalKnowledge, Cultural Expressions and GeneticResources Manuel Ruiz Muller PeruvianSocietyforEnvironmentalLaw (SPDA)

  2. Settingthecontext • Facilitating = creating a policy/legal/institutionalframework • South-South = buildingonexistingexperiences and capacities in Southern, developingcountries • Using IP = applying and making use of IP toolsorframeworks

  3. Settingthecontext • Protecting= granting a positive exclusive right (orusingdefensivemeasures) • TK = CBD/WIPO/nationaldefinitions • TCEs = WIPO/nationaldefinitions • GRs = CBD/WIPO/Nagoya Protocol/Nationaldefinitions

  4. Howtofind “protection” options ? • VERY IMPORTANT: TK, GRs, and TCEsmayrequiredifferent “protection” strategies and approaches • IMPORTANT:Classic IP toolsmaynot in every case servetheinterestsand needs of communitiesand developingcountries • Creatinginstitutionalbodies (ie. BiopiracyPreventionCommission in Peru; GeneticResources Council in Brasil; BiodiversityCommission in India; National Council forGeneticResources in Costa Rica …)

  5. Possible“protection” options? • Analyzenovelty and inventiveness in innovationsderivedfromSouthernbiodiversitycomponents (improvepatentexaminations and implement “user” measures) • Use administrative and judicial bodies and take legal actions (putlawsintoaction) (ie. findpro bono advicefromPublicInterestIntellectualPropertyAdvisors and others…) • Developingsui generis frameworkswhichinclude IP tools …

  6. Howtofacilitatecooperation ? • Exchanges of information and sharingexperiences in “protecting” TK, TCEs and GRs • Invest in organizingmutidisciplinarymeetings, seminars, workshopstorecommend and agreeoncooperationoptions • Identifycommonfeaturesthatmayneedregional actions and collaboration (ie. sharedGRs, shared TK … in regions and amongregions) • Use existingsettingssuch as theGroup of LikeMindedMegadiverseCountriestoraisefunds, set regional, South-South agendas, identifycommonpolicy positions …)

  7. Existingmechanisms in the South • Defensiveprotectionincluded in IP (orbiodiversity) laws and regulations (available in Brazil, theAndeanCommunity, Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Panama, China, Nepal, etc.) • Registers (for TK, GRs and TCEs) (Panama, Peru, India …) – there are manyforms of registrationmechanismsmost of whichdo notgrant exclusive rightsbutacttosupportdefensiveprotection and serveothercriticalconservation, preservation, capacitybuilding, researchobjectives)

  8. Existingmechanisms in the South • Access and benefitsharingframeworks (in a new scientific and technologicalscenario … (shared, common) natural information and itsflowsaccrossborders) – howto capture thecommercial, economicvalue of biodiversity/gene/derivativesrelatedproducts and innovation ? • Challenge: look at whether contractual approachesto ABS offerappropriate incentives and enableovercominginformationassymetries and transactioncosts in negotiations • Challenge: needfor a truly COMMON approachto ABS and adopting and implementing a global regimeontheprotection of TK and TCEs (IGC process)

  9. THANK YOU MUITO OBRIGADO www.spda.org.pe www.biopirateria.org

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