1 / 35

FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO

FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO. Esta apresentação e outros materiais relacionados estão disponíveis nas páginas dedicadas às disciplinas de Graduação no Moodle da UFSC

dana
Download Presentation

FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO Esta apresentação e outros materiais relacionados estão disponíveis nas páginas dedicadas às disciplinas de Graduação no Moodle da UFSC Porém, declaro aqui que nenhum recurso didático substitui a leitura de um bom livro-texto. Portanto, consulto o plano de ensino de sua disciplina e escolha o livro-texto que satisfará suas necessidades básicas para uma introdução ao estudo da Fisiologia Humana. Profa. Dra. Cristina Maria Henrique Pinto Professora Associada III – CFS/CCB/UFSC Agosto/2012

  2. FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO Títulos desta apresentação: • Secreções do TGI • Secreções pancreática e hepática • Componentes, funções e regulação da secreção.

  3. SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICA E HEPÁTICA http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1090.htm

  4. VOLUME SECRETADO PELO PÂNCREAS NO INTESTINO DELGADO: 1,5 L/DIA ?

  5. Principais tipos celulares encontrados no pâncreas Ilhotas de Langerhans hormônios: insulina (cél. β), glucagon (cél. α), somatostatina (cél. δ) e polipeptídeo pancreático (cél. θ) enzimas digestivas (proteases, amilase e lipases) secreção hidro-eletrolítica

  6. HISTOLOGIA DO PÂNCREAS PORÇÃO EXÓCRINA enzimas e secreção hidroeletrolítica http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2241#image PORÇÃO ENDÓCRINA (hormônios: glucagon, insulina, somatostatina e polipeptídeo pancreático) ilhota (células beta: insulina) ilhota (células alfa: glucagon) ácinos e ilhota de Langerhans http://www.udel.edu/Biology/Wags/histopage/histopage.htm

  7. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: água e eletrólitos The relationships and major features of the units of the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic acinar cells of the acinus have prominently stained zymogen granules in the apical area of the cell.  The connecting ductule does not contain zymogen granules. The blue cell in the cartoon depicts the centroacinar cell at the border between the acinus and ductule. The centroacinar cell functions similarly to the duct cell. The major secretory products of the acinus are digestive proenzymes and enzymes with lesser amounts of water and ions. The major secretory products of the duct are water and ions. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2243#image

  8. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: água e eletrólitos The relationships and major features of the units of the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic acinar cells of the acinus have prominently stained zymogen granules in the apical area of the cell.  The connecting ductule does not contain zymogen granules. The blue cell in the cartoon depicts the centroacinar cell at the border between the acinus and ductule. The centroacinar cell functions similarly to the duct cell. The major secretory products of the acinus are digestive proenzymes and enzymes with lesser amounts of water and ions. The major secretory products of the duct are water and ions. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2243#image

  9. Importância da secreção hidroeletrolítica pancreática, rica em HCO3-, Na+ e água na digestão NaHCO3 + HCl  NaCl + H2O + CO2 (reabsorção) Neutralization of gastric acid delivered to the duodenum is necessary for optimal digestion and absorption of a meal. Several mechanisms that are not shown are involved in the neutralization process. First, the meal provides buffers from digestion of protein and triglycerides. That is, the peptides and fatty acid products act as pH buffers. Another neutralization process is absorption of hydrogen ion by the duodenal mucosa. Finally, the pancreas, biliary system and duodenal mucosa secrete bicarbonate into the duodenal lumen for neutralization. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2287#image

  10. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: enzimas The relationships and major features of the units of the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic acinar cells of the acinus have prominently stained zymogen granules in the apical area of the cell.  The connecting ductule does not contain zymogen granules. The blue cell in the cartoon depicts the centroacinar cell at the border between the acinus and ductule. The centroacinar cell functions similarly to the duct cell. The major secretory products of the acinus are digestive proenzymes and enzymes with lesser amounts of water and ions. The major secretory products of the duct are water and ions. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2243#image

  11. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: enzimas lipase a-Amylase (no activation needed) (Enterokinase) secreted by duodenal epithelium (from duodenal epithelial cells) http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb136/topic/Gastrointestinal

  12. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: enzimas lipase a-Amylase (no activation needed) (Enterokinase) secreted by duodenal epithelium (from duodenal epithelial cells) http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb136/topic/Gastrointestinal

  13. Relative amounts (by weight) of the different classes of pancreatic digestive enzymes. Proteases are the most abundant class of enzymes. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=6&mxpg=390&pg=2273#image

  14. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS: enzimas lipase a-Amylase (no activation needed) (Enterokinase) secreted by duodenal epithelium (from duodenal epithelial cells) http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb136/topic/Gastrointestinal

  15. A secreção serosa pancreática: lipase pancreática Lipase pancreática

  16. A secreção serosa pancreática: alfa-amilase Amilopectina (amido) da batata OBS: reparou que é a mesma ação da alfa-amilase salivar?

  17. A secreção serosa pancreática: a ativação das pró-proteases pancreáticas no intestino delgado pela enteroquinase (da borda-em-escova) extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  18. A secreção serosa pancreática: a ativação das pró-proteases pancreáticas no intestino delgado pela enteroquinase (da borda-em-escova)

  19. AS SECREÇÕES EXÓCRINAS PANCREÁTICAS

  20. REGULAÇÃO DA SECREÇÃO EXÓCRINA PANCREÁTICA estimulação hormonal pancreática A presença de gordura e de ácido no duodeno estimula a secreção endócrina intestinal das células endócrinas “S” e “I”. As céls. “S” secretam a SECRETINA que estimula a secreção hidro-eletrolítica dos ductos pancreáticos.

  21. A REGULAÇÃO DA SECREÇÃO DOS DUCTOS PELA SECRETINA This image shows the stimulants for release of CCK from I cells and secretin release from S cells. Of note, the I cells and S cells “taste” the specific stimulants in the lumen of the gut to activate release of the hormones. The released CCK can mediate pancreatic secretion by either activating vagal sensory afferents that results in stimulation of pancreatic acinar cell secretion though a vago-vagal reflex involving the CNS or through the circulation (i.e. hormonal action). Secretin also acts through neural (not shown) and hormonal pathways on the pancreas stimulating secretion from both ductal cells and acinar cells. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=2&mxpg=390&pg=1842#image

  22. REGULAÇÃO DA SECREÇÃO EXÓCRINA PANCREÁTICA estimulação hormonal pancreática A presença de gordura e de ácido no duodeno estimula a secreção endócrina intestinal das células endócrinas “S” e “I”. As céls. “I” secretam a CCKque estimula a secreção serosa dos ácinos pancreáticos

  23. A REGULAÇÃO DA SECREÇÃO DOS DUCTOS PELA CCK This image shows the stimulants for release of CCK from I cells and secretin release from S cells. Of note, the I cells and S cells “taste” the specific stimulants in the lumen of the gut to activate release of the hormones. The released CCK can mediate pancreatic secretion by either activating vagal sensory afferents that results in stimulation of pancreatic acinar cell secretion though a vago-vagal reflex involving the CNS or through the circulation (i.e. hormonal action). Secretin also acts through neural (not shown) and hormonal pathways on the pancreas stimulating secretion from both ductal cells and acinar cells. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=2&mxpg=390&pg=1842#image

  24. Regulação das secreção exócrina pancéática (ductos e ácinos) pelos hormônios intestinais http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/pancreas/control.html

  25. The graphic in this image depicts the neurotransmission systems and neurotransmitters involved in regulating acinar and ductal secretion. The blue cell is called a centroacinar cell. These cells have characteristics more similar to ductal cells although their exact function is not known. Vagal efferents activate neurons in the intrapancreatic ganglia. Neurons from the ganglia then have processes that are in proximity to the parenchymal cells. These processes release the neurotransmitters, acetylcholine (Ach), gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) when their neurons are activated. Ach causes secretion from both acinar cells and ducts while all three neurotransmitters can cause secretion from acinar cells. http://www.gastroslides.org/main/browse_deck.asp?tpc=2&mxpg=390&pg=1842#image

  26. A secreção exócrina hepática http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1090.htm

  27. A secreção exócrina hepática: a bile Bile is a digestive fluid secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder which normally is released into the duodenum portion of the small intestine through the sphincter of Oddi. Bile, released after a meal containing fats, aids in absorption and digestion of the fat. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/1090.htm

  28. Veja mais em: http://mcb.berkeley.edu/courses/mcb136/topic/Gastrointestinal/Secretion_in_GI-Tract/

  29. Função digestiva da bile: sais biliares extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  30. Sais biliares e a emulsificação das gorduras extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  31. Sais biliares e a emulsificação das gorduras: a formação das micelas para a digestão pela lipase pancreática MICELA extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  32. Resumo da emulsificação, digestão e absorção de gordura extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  33. A circulação êntero-hepática dos sais biliares extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

  34. REGULAÇÃO DA SECREÇÃO BILIAR Produção de bile + circulação êntero-hepática dos sais biliares e esvaziamento da vesícula biliar e relaxamento de Oddi pela CCK ? ? extraído de: Vander, Sherman & Luciano, 2002

More Related