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Wireless Networking Concepts

Wireless Networking Concepts. By: Forrest Finkler Computer Science 484 Networking Concepts. Summary. What is a Wireless Network Methods of Securing Wireless Networks WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) MAC (Media Access Control) Address Filtering

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Wireless Networking Concepts

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  1. Wireless Networking Concepts By: Forrest Finkler Computer Science 484 Networking Concepts

  2. Summary • What is a Wireless Network • Methods of Securing Wireless Networks • WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) • WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) • MAC (Media Access Control) Address Filtering • Security Flaws of Wireless Data Networks • How to Bypass Security

  3. What is a wireless network • Wireless Networks Connect Computers Together and Allow Data to Travel Wirelessly Between an Access Point and a Client

  4. What is a wireless network • Wireless Networks Use Access Points and Clients to Communicate With Each Other • Radio Communications • 2.4 GHz (b, g, n) or 5 GHz(a, n) band • 11Mbps (b), 54Mbps (g, a)128 Mbps (n) • Allows for movement (roaming) between access points

  5. Securing Wireless Networks • WEP (Introduced in 1999) • 64 or 128 bit • 64 Bit • Uses a 40 bit key • 10 Hexadecimal Numbers “F2C7BB35B9” • 10 Hex * 4 bits per number = 40 bits • 40 bits + 24 IV = 64 bits • 128 Bit • Uses a 104 bit key • 24 Hexadecimal Numbers “2B204A3F1042643E480FDD655E” • 24 Hex * 4 bits per number = 108 bits • 104 bits + 24 IV = 128 bits

  6. Securing Wireless Networks • Wi-Fi Protected Access • WPA or WPA2 • WPA • 128-bit key and a 48-bit IV • Uses Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) • Better Security Through Dynamic Keys • Based on 802.11i Draft Standards • WPA2 • 128-bit key and a 48-bit IV • Uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) • Uses a Matrix of Bits and Rounds (mathematical operations) to Authenticate Clients • Based on 802.11i

  7. Securing Wireless Networks • Media Access Control Address Filtering • MAC Addresses • MAC Addresses are 48 bits and are Unique to Each NIC • Typical MAC Address “00:0F:66:2A:A5:D5” • Weaknesses • MAC Addresses are Easily Spoofed Using Software • A Very Weak Security Measure Only Should be Used in Conjunction With WEP or WPA

  8. How to bypass WLAN security • MAC Address Spoofing (<20 seconds) • ifdown eth0 • ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:80:FF:FF:98:F5 • ifup eth0 • WEP Cracking (2 min-30 min) • Kismet (captures raw packets(need 20,000 to 500,000 IV’s)) • Aircrack (decrypts packets and finds WEP key) • WPA Cracking (15 min-∞) • Only Crackable if Using a PSK • Brute Force Attack

  9. Questions?

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