120 likes | 326 Views
Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA) Peter Sheras , PhD Richard Abidin , EdD Timothy Konold , PhD. OUTLINE. Why study parenting stress? Understanding why parenting teens is so difficult How to assess the stress experienced by parents Planning interventions.
E N D
Stress Index for Parents of Adolescents (SIPA)Peter Sheras, PhDRichard Abidin, EdDTimothy Konold, PhD
OUTLINE • Why study parenting stress? • Understanding why parenting teens is so difficult • How to assess the stress experienced by parents • Planning interventions
Why Study Parenting Stress? • Stressed parents make for stressed kids • Better communication between parent and child is useful in many ways to students, families, and schools • It is important to know if a parent experiences the child in the same way as the school does • Stressed parents make poor partners with therapists and schools • Understanding the origins of parent stress can help the school or the therapist direct interventions toward students, families, or individuals
A Model of Parenting Stress • The concept of perceived stress • Perceived characteristics of the adolescent • Characteristics of the parent or parenting unit • Quality of communication between parent and child • External life stress events • Total stress experienced by parents influencing their parenting behaviors
Models of Parenting Stress: Adolescent Characteristics Difficulties surrounding interactions with teenagers include the following: • Adolescent’s increased power • Broader group of significant individuals in adolescent’s interpersonal life • Financial drain associated with adolescent’s needs • Potential for serious social incompetence or misbehavior
Models of Parenting Stress:Parent Characteristics • Self-esteem • Degree of investment in parenting • Personality and neuroticism • Mood • Parental beliefs, expectations, and feelings about child rearing • Parent’s affective states (depression, anxiety, and aggression)
Adolescent Domain Adolescent- Parent Relationship Domain Parenting Behavior Parent Domain
Adolescent Domain • Moodiness/emotional lability (MEL) • Social Isolation/Withdrawal (ISO) • Delinquency/Antisocial (DEL) • Failure to achieve or persevere (ACH)
Parent Domain • Life restrictions (LFR) • Relationship with Spouse/Partner (REL) • Social Alienation (SOC) • Incompetence/guilt (INC)
Other Domains • Adolescent-Parent Relationships Domain (APRD) • Life Stressors (LS) • Total Parenting Stress (TS)
Structure of SIPA • 112 SIPA items (Including 22 Life Stress items) • Takes approximately 20 minutes for parent to complete • Use with parents of adolescents 11-19 years Utilizes 5 point response format • Strongly agree • Agree • Not sure • Disagree • Strongly disagree
SIPA Interpretive Categories and Corresponding Percentile ranges Interpretation % score range Clinically severe 95-100 Clinically significant 90-94 Borderline 85-89 Within normal limits <85