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Kaplan turbine

Kaplan turbine. Jebba, Nigeria. D 0 = 8,5 m D e = 7,1 m D i = 3,1 m B 0 = 2,8 m. *Q = 376 m 3 /s *H = 27,6 m *P = 96 MW. Machicura, CHILE. *Q = 144 m 3 /s *H = 36,7 m *P = 48 MW. D 0 = 7,2 m D e = 4,2 m D i = 1,9 m B 0 = 1,3 m. Outlet draft tube. Outlet runner. Inlet

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Kaplan turbine

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  1. Kaplan turbine

  2. Jebba, Nigeria D0 = 8,5 m De = 7,1 m Di = 3,1 m B0 = 2,8 m *Q = 376 m3/s *H = 27,6 m *P = 96 MW

  3. Machicura, CHILE *Q = 144 m3/s *H = 36,7 m *P = 48 MW D0 = 7,2 m De = 4,2 m Di = 1,9 m B0 = 1,3 m

  4. Outlet draft tube Outlet runner Inlet runner Outlet guide vane Inlet guide vane

  5. Runner blade angle f = constant Hydraulic efficiency hh Flow rate Q Hydraulic efficiency

  6. Hill chart

  7. u1 v1 c1 u2 c2 v2

  8. c Lift Drag L Torque D Arm Pressure distribution and torque

  9. FLift FDrag a v LChord 4

  10. Blade profile data Angle of attack Angle of attack d v Average relative velocity

  11. Pressure distribution and torque 0,24 · l Cord length, l Suction side Pressure side Single profile Cascade The pressure at the outlet is lower for a cascade than for a single profile. The cavitation performance will therefore be reduced in a cascade.

  12. Radial distribution of the blade profile CL =Lift coefficient for a cascade CL1 =Lift coefficient for a single profile The ratio t/l influences the lift coefficient in a cascade. The cord length for a blade will therefore increase when the radius becomes increase

  13. Radial distribution of the blade profile

  14. Flow in the axial plane The figure shows blades with two different design of the blade in radial direction. This is because it will influence the secondary flow in the radial direction

  15. Main dimension of a Kaplan turbine

  16. Diameter of the runner W W

  17. Height of the guide vanesand runner diameter

  18. Gap between hub and ring and the runner blades Gap between the blade and ring Gap between the blade and hub Efficiency Gap

  19. Runaway speed Cavitation coefficient Runaway speed The figure shows different runaway speed at different runner blade openings. The runaway speed is dependent of the cavitation as shown in the figure

  20. Hill chart

  21. Example • Find the dimensions D, d and Bo • Given data: P = 16,8 MW H = 16 m Qn = 120 m3/s n = 125 rpm

  22. Speed number:

  23. Diameter, D:

  24. Diameter, d:

  25. Height, B:

  26. Number of vanes, z: Number of blades z

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