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Marine Mammal Bioacoustics: Electrophysiological Studies of Hearing Cognition

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Marine Mammal Bioacoustics: Electrophysiological Studies of Hearing Cognition

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    1. Marine Mammal Bioacoustics: Electrophysiological Studies of Hearing & Cognition Peter M. Scheifele MDr, PhD, LCDR USN (Ret.) University of Cincinnati Communication Sciences and Disorders, Neuroaudiology Dept. University Medical Center scheifpr@uc.edu

    2. What Electrophysiological Studies?? AEP versus ERP AEP Ecogh ABR MLR ERP P300 N400

    3. Electrocochleography

    4. Electrophsyiology of Marine Mammals

    5. Cetacean ERP

    6. EQUIPMENT POSITIONING FOR ABR TESTING

    7. Marine Mammal Hearing / ERP Testing

    8. ERP of Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

    9. Five general response categories in ABR testing Fast responses SWR responses (slow wave) components Middle responses Slow responses Late responses

    10. Mid, Slow and Late ERPs

    11. Auditory Evoked Potentials

    12. ABR Accuracy and Limitations Some limitations on accuracy. ABR waveform in response to high-intensity clicks. If the cochlea is damaged the ABR will fail.

    13. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) Doubling of nerve fiber diameter doubles conduction velocity. BRAINSTEM TRANSMISSION TIME IN LARGE BRAINS SUCH AS ORCA (6kg) MAY BE KEPT SHORT BY INCREASED FIBER DIAMETERS IN THE AUDITORY PATHWAY. ABRs REFELCT SYNCHRONIZED, MASSED DISCHARGE OF LARGE NEURONAL ASSEMBLIES. AS NEURAL EXCITATION MOVES FROM CN-VIII THROUGH THE MIDBRAIN ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS ARE MEASURED AS SEQUENTIAL DEFELCTIONS IN THE EEG. SPECIFIC CELLULAR GENERATORS ARE STILL UNDER DEBATE.BRAINSTEM TRANSMISSION TIME IN LARGE BRAINS SUCH AS ORCA (6kg) MAY BE KEPT SHORT BY INCREASED FIBER DIAMETERS IN THE AUDITORY PATHWAY. ABRs REFELCT SYNCHRONIZED, MASSED DISCHARGE OF LARGE NEURONAL ASSEMBLIES. AS NEURAL EXCITATION MOVES FROM CN-VIII THROUGH THE MIDBRAIN ELECTRICAL POTENTIALS ARE MEASURED AS SEQUENTIAL DEFELCTIONS IN THE EEG. SPECIFIC CELLULAR GENERATORS ARE STILL UNDER DEBATE.

    14. ABR from False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) FROM: Dolphin, W.F., 1993

    15. Comparison of Behavioural versus Electrophysiological Audiograms for a False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) FROM: Dolphin, W.F., 1993

    16. Equipment Set-up for AEP Testing on Dolphins FROM: Dolphin, W.F., 1993

    17. ABR Intensity Series of a Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) FROM: Dolphin, W.F., 1993

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