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Decisive Legacies: The Civil War and Reconstruction

Explore key political actions during the Civil War and their impact on the country, including legislative changes, military strategies, and social transformations. Learn about the Confederate and Union advantages, legacies of the conflict, and the challenges faced post-war. Delve into the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation, the role of Border States, and the Reconstruction era. Discover how the Civil War reshaped the nation's economic, political, and social landscape.

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Decisive Legacies: The Civil War and Reconstruction

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  1. The Civil War1861–1865Reconstruction1865-1877

  2. Southern View • of secession: • Legal under • “compact theory” • Events of the • 1850’s gave South no choice

  3. Northern View: • Secession is illegal • Union must be kept together in face of Southern “insurrection” • Lincoln promises not to interfere with slavery where it already exists

  4. Confederate Advantages • Desire • Defensive Nature of War • Possibility of Foreign Allies • Superior Military Officers • Northern Opposition to War Confederate President Jefferson Davis

  5. Union Advantages • Established Gov’t & Military • More People, $, Resources • Better Transport System • Abundant Food Supply • Strong leadership of Lincoln

  6. Key Political Actions During Civil War What impact did each of the following have on the war & the country? What is the significance of each? • Role of Border States • Emancipation Proclamation • Homestead Act of 1862 • Congress created national banking system • Congressional funding to build transcontinental RR • Lincoln suspended writ of habeus corpus • Sand Creek Massacre, 1864

  7. Legacies of the Civil War • End of slavery & Southern “Slaveocracy” • Long-lasting economic & political damage to the South • Expansion of the power of federal gov’t. • Industrial/commercial growth of the North • Opening of the West to rapid settlement What problems did the government have to address after the Civil War?

  8. Economic Problem: How to rebuild the devastation of infrastructure & loss of capital?

  9. Political Problem: How to bring Southern states back into the Union? 2nd Inaugural Address Wade-Davis Bill

  10. Social Problem: How to deal with the “Freedmen”?

  11. Do African Americans experience • “revolutionary” changes • as a result of these amendments? • 13th Amendment (1865) • Ends slavery • 14th Amendment (1866) • Establishes black citizenship & • “equal protection under the law” • 15th Amendment (1870) • Suffrage for all men

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