1 / 22

Boundless Lecture Slides

Boundless Lecture Slides. Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com. Using Boundless Presentations. Boundless Teaching Platform

daniel_millan
Download Presentation

Boundless Lecture Slides

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  4. The Study of History The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Precursors to Civilization ] The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  5. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization > The Study of History The Study of History • Splitting History • Dates and Calendars • The Imperfect Historical Record • Historical Bias Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-study-of-history-and-the-rise-of-civilization-244/the-study-of-history-900/

  6. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization > Precursors to Civilization Precursors to Civilization • The Evolution of Humans • The Neolithic Revolution Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-study-of-history-and-the-rise-of-civilization-244/precursors-to-civilization-246/

  7. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  8. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Key terms • anno DominiThe Medieval Latin term, which means in the year of the Lord but is often translated as in the year of our Lord. Dionysius Exiguus, of Scythia Minor, introduced the system based on this concept in 525, counting the years since the birth of Christ. • aridity hypothesisThe theory that the savannah was expanding due to increasingly arid conditions, which then drove hominin adaptation. • bipedalDescribing an animal that uses only two legs for walking. • Demographic theoriesTheories about how sedentary populations may have driven agricultural changes. • encephalizationAn evolutionary increase in the complexity and/or size of the brain. • EurocentrismThe practice of viewing the world from a European or generally Western perspective with an implied belief in the pre-eminence of Western culture. It may also be used to describe a view centered on the history or eminence of white people. The term was coined in the 1980s, referring to the notion of European exceptionalism and other Western equivalents, such as American exceptionalism. • Evolutionary/Intentionality theoryThe theory that domestication was part of an evolutionary process between humans and plants. • Feasting modelThe theory that displays of power through feasting drove agricultural technology. • Gregorian calendar(Also the Western calendar and the Christian calendar): A calendar that is internationally the most widely used civil calendar today. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar was a refinement to the Julian calendar, amounting to a 0.002% correction in the length of the year. • Hilly Flanks hypothesisThe theory that agriculture began in the hilly flanks of the Taurus and Zagros mountains, where the climate was not drier, and fertile land supported a variety of plants and animals amenable to domestication. • historical methodA scholarly method that comprises the techniques and guidelines by which historians use primary sources and other evidence (including the evidence of archaeology) to research and write historical accounts of the past. • hominidsA primate of the family Hominidae that includes humans and their fossil ancestors. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  9. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization • Hunter-gathererA nomadic lifestyle in which food is obtained from wild plants and animals; in contrast to an agricultural lifestyle, which relies mainly on domesticated species. • Islamic calendar(Also Muslim calendar or Hijri calendar): A lunar calendar consisting of 12 months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used to date events in many Muslim countries (concurrently with the Gregorian calendar), and is used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper days on which to observe the annual fasting, to attend Hajj, and to celebrate other Islamic holidays and festivals. The first year equals 622 CE, during which time the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. • Julian calendarA calendar introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BCE (708 AUC), which was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect in 45 BCE (AUC 709), shortly after the Roman conquest of Egypt. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was refined and gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. • Mayan calendarA system of calendars used in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, and in many modern communities in the Guatemalan highlands, Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico. The essentials of it are based upon a system that was in common use throughout the region, dating back to at least the fifth century BCE. It shares many aspects with calendars employed by other earlier Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Zapotec and Olmec, and with contemporary or later calendars, such as the Mixtec and Aztec calendars. • Neolithic RevolutionThe world's first historically verifiable advancement in agriculture. It took place around 12,000 years ago. • Oasis TheoryThe theory that humans were forced into close association with animals due to changes in climate. • Paleolithic EraA period of history that spans from 2.5 million to 20,000 years ago, during which time humans evolved, used stone tools, and lived as hunter-gatherers. • periodizationThe process or study of categorizing the past into discrete, quantified named blocks of time in order to facilitate the study and analysis of history. This results in descriptive abstractions that provide convenient terms for periods of time with relatively stable characteristics. However, determining the precise beginning and ending to any period is usually arbitrary. • primary sourceIn the study of history as anacademic discipline, an artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography,recording, or other source of information that was created at the time understudy. It serves as an original source of information about the topic. • primary sourcesOriginal sources of information about a topic. In the study of history as an academic discipline, primary sources include artifact, document, diary, manuscript, autobiography, recording, or other source of information that was created at the time under study. • Red Queen hypothesisThe theory that species must constantly evolve in order to compete with co-evolving animals around them. • savannah hypothesisThe theory that hominins were forced out of the trees they lived in and onto the expanding savannah; as they did so, they began walking upright on two feet. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  10. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization • secondary sourceA document or recording that relates or discusses information originally found in a primary source. It contrasts with a primary source, which is an original source of the information being discussed; a primary source can be a person with direct knowledge of a situation, or a document created by such a person. A secondary source involves generalization, analysis, synthesis, interpretation, or evaluation of the original information. • sexual dimorphismDifferences in size or appearance between the sexes of an animal species. • social brain hypothesisThe theory that improving cognitive capabilities would allow hominins to influence local groups and control resources. • specializationA process where laborers focused on one specialty area rather than creating all needed items. • Toba catastrophe theoryThe theory that there was a near-extinction event for early humans about 70,000 years ago. • turnover pulse hypothesisThe theory that extinctions due to environmental conditions hurt specialist species more than generalist ones, leading to greater evolution among specialists. • world history(Also global history or transnational history): emerged as a distinct academic field in the 1980s. It examines history from a global perspective. World history should not be confused with comparative history, which, like world history, deals with the history of multiple cultures and nations, but does not do so on a global scale. World history identifies common patterns that emerge across all cultures. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  11. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Petrarch by Andrea del Castagno. Petrarch, Italian poet and thinker, conceived of the idea of a European "Dark Age," which later evolved into the tripartite periodization of Western history into Ancient, Middle Ages and Modern. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Petrarch_by_Bargilla.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodization#/media/File:Petrarch_by_Bargilla.jpgView on Boundless.com

  12. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization The first page of the papal bull "Inter Gravissimas" by which Pope Gregory XIII introduced his calendar. During the period between 1582, when the first countries adopted the Gregorian calendar, and 1923, when the last European country adopted it, it was often necessary to indicate the date of some event in both the Julian calendar and in the Gregorian calendar. Even before 1582, the year sometimes had to be double dated because of the different beginnings of the year in various countries. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Inter-grav.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar#/media/File:Inter-grav.jpgView on Boundless.com

  13. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Islamic Calendar stamp issued at King Khaled airport (10 Rajab 1428 / 24 July 2007) The first year was the Islamic year beginning in AD 622, during which the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. Each numbered year is designated either "H" for Hijra or "AH" for the Latin Anno Hegirae ("in the year of the Hijra"). Hence, Muslims typically call their calendar the Hijri calendar. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."King_Khaled_airport_exit_stamp.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar#/media/File:King_Khaled_airport_exit_stamp.jpgView on Boundless.com

  14. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization The title page to The Historians' History of the World: A Comprehensive Narrative of the Rise and Development of Nations as Recorded by over two thousand of the Great Writers of all Ages, 1907. The Historians' History of the World is a 25-volume encyclopedia of world history originally published in English near the beginning of the 20th century. It is quite extensive but its perspective is entirely Western Eurocentric. For example, while four volumes focus on the history of England (with Scotland and Ireland included in one of them), "Poland, the Balkans, Turkey, minor Eastern states, China, Japan" are all described in one volume. It was compiled by Henry Smith Williams, a medical doctor and author, as well as other authorities on history, and published in New York in 1902 by Encyclopædia Britannica and the Outlook Company. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."800px-The_Historians'_History_of_the_World_-_Title_Page.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History#/media/File:The_Historians%27_History_of_the_World_-_Title_Page.jpgView on Boundless.com

  15. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization This wall painting (known as The portrait of Paquius Proculo and currently preserved at the Naples National Archaeological Museum) was found in the Roman city of Pompeii and serves as a complex example of a primary source. The fresco would not tell much to historians without corresponding textual and archaeological evidence that helps to establish who the portrayed couple might have been. The man wears a toga, the mark of a Roman citizen, and holds a rotulus, suggesting he is involved in public and/or cultural affairs. The woman holds a stylus and wax tablet, emphasizing that she is educated and literate. It is suspected, based on the physical features of the couple, that they are Samnites, which may explain the desire to show off the status they have reached in Roman society. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Pompeii-couple.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_source#/media/File:Pompeii-couple.jpgView on Boundless.com

  16. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Human Evolution A video showing evolution from early animals to modern humans. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

  17. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Stone ball from a set of Paleolithic bolas Paleoliths (artifacts from the Paleolithic), such as this stone ball, demonstrate some of the stone technologies that the early humans used as tools and weapons. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Paleolithic."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic_periodView on Boundless.com

  18. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Skeletal structure of humans and other primates. A comparison of the skeletal structures of gibbons, humans, chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Ape_skeletons.png."CC BY 3.0https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwjS3MXKh8vNAhXCOiYKHVQwBREQjRwIBw&url=%2Furl%3Fsa%3Di%26rct%3Dj%26q%3D%26esrc%3Ds%26source%3Dimages%26cd%3D%26ved%3D0ahUKEwjS3MXKh8vNAhXCOiYKHVQwBREQjRwIBw%26url%3D%252Furl%253Fsa%253Di%2526rct%253Dj%2526q%253D%2526esrc%253Ds%2526source%253Dimages%2526cd%253D%2526ved%253D0ahUKEwjS3MXKh8vNAhXCOiYKHVQwBREQjRwIBw%2526url%253D%25252Furl%25253Fsa%25253Di%252526rct%25253Dj%252526q%25253D%252526esrc%25253Ds%252526source%25253Dimages%252526cd%25253D%252526ved%25253D0ahUKEwjS3MXKh8vNAhXCOiYKHVQwBREQjRwIBw%252526url%25253Dhttps%2525253A%2525252F%2525252Fen.wikipedia.org%2525252Fwiki%2525252FHuman_evolution%252526psig%25253DAFQjCNGE6UxF84hKzfCy6mE_EE6SHrjOPA%252526ust%25253D1467214896545125%2526psig%253DAFQjCNGE6UxF84hKzfCy6mE_EE6SHrjOPA%2526ust%253D1467214896545125%26psig%3DAFQjCNGE6UxF84hKzfCy6mE_EE6SHrjOPA%26ust%3D1467214896545125&psig=AFQjCNGE6UxF84hKzfCy6mE_EE6SHrjOPA&ust=1467214896545125View on Boundless.com

  19. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Comparison of skull features among early humans. A comparison of Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo floresiensis and Homo naledi skull features. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Comparison_of_skull_features_of_Homo_naledi_and_other_early_human_species.jpg."CC BY 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_nalediView on Boundless.com

  20. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization Attribution • Wikipedia."Neolithic Revolution."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution • Wikipedia."Neolithic Revolution."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic%20Revolution • Wikibooks."Civilization makes its début (8000 - 3000 BC)."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History/Ancient_Civilizations%23Civilization_makes_its_d.C3.A9but_.288000_-_3000_BC.29 • Wikibooks."Before the Rise of Civilization."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History/Ancient_Civilizations%23Before_the_Rise_of_Civilization • Wikipedia."Paleolithic."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleolithic • Boundless Learning."Boundless."CC BY-SA 3.0http://www.boundless.com//sociology/definition/hunter-gatherer--2 • Global Economics."The Neolithic Revolution and Sumer."CC BY 3.0http://globaleconomics.wikispaces.com/The+Neolithic+Revolution+and+Sumer • Wikipedia."Periodization."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodization • Wikipedia."World history."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_history • Wikipedia."History."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History • Wikipedia."Primary source."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_source • Wikipedia."Historical method."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_method • Wikipedia."Early modern period."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_modern_period • Wikipedia."Julian calendar."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar • Wikipedia."Gregorian calendar."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar • Wikipedia."Anno Domini."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anno_Domini • Wikipedia."Maya calendar."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_calendar Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  21. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization • Wikipedia."Calendar."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar • Wikipedia."ab urbe condita."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita • Wikipedia."Common Era."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era • Wikipedia."Islamic calendar."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar • Wikipedia."History of calendars."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_calendars • Wikipedia."Portrait of Paquius Proculo."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait_of_Paquius_Proculo • Wikipedia."History."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History • Wikipedia."Primary source."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_source • Wikipedia."Historical method."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_method • Wikipedia."Secondary source."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_source • Wikipedia."Social history."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_history • Wikipedia."Bias."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias • Wikipedia."History."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History • Wikipedia."Voltaire."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltaire#History • Wikipedia."Eurocentrism."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocentrism • Wikipedia."The Historians' History of the World."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Historians%27_History_of_the_World • YouTube."Timeline of Human Evolution."Youtube Licensehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSSzn4bIwZg • Wikipedia."Human Evolution."CC BY 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolution • Wikipedia."Evolution of Human Intelligence."CC BY 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_human_intelligence Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

  22. The Study of History and the Rise of Civilization • The Royal Society Publishing."A synthesis of the theories and concepts of early human evolution."CC BY 4.0http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/370/1663/20140064 Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

More Related