Presenting Your Work

1. Presenting Your Work Jan D Carline, Ph.D. Professor, Medical Education University of Washington

2. I don’t have the slightest idea what this visual is all about. And furthermore, I don’t know what the blazes I’m talking about. Jan Carline PhD

3. Oral Presentations • Oral Presentation DOES NOT EQUAL Reading a Paper • Tell a Memorable Story • Listener - Cannot Review Written Text • Simple Sentence Structure • Important Points to Remember Jan Carline PhD

4. Summary Slide • Preparing For a Presentation • Uses of the Blackboard • Audiovisuals • Computerized Slide Presentations • Presentation Dynamics • Nervousness • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

5. Preparing For a Presentation • In preparing for your presentation, think about- Audience- Topic- Expectations and Outcomes- Time frame- Facilities Jan Carline PhD

6. Organization - 3 Sections • First – Introduction • Second – Body • Third – Conclusionand the last major component • Adjuncts - Audiovisuals Jan Carline PhD

7. Introduction • Provide Preview- Introduce topic, state objectives- Offer preview • Gain Attention- Stimulate interest- Stress meaningfulness • Establish Climate- Create rapport, show mutual respect- Set expectations for participation Jan Carline PhD

8. Body of Presentation • Select 3 main points- Chunk information- Organize progression • Illustrate main points- Support material, examples • Show connections- Summaries and transitions- Contrast and compare- Carry common theme Jan Carline PhD

9. Conclusion • Summarize- No new material- Recapitulate- Provide bridges • Provide Closure- Conclude decisively- Make final plea Jan Carline PhD

10. Next? • Uses of the Blackboard • Audiovisuals • Computerized Slide Presentations • Presentation Dynamics • Nervousness • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

11. Uses of the Blackboard • Table of Contents • Theme Guide • Explainer • Referee • Summarizer Jan Carline PhD

12. Using the Blackboard • Preplan - ghost "outline" of diagrams • Write large - at least 2 inches • Talk to the audience - not the board • Use multiple colors • "Fill in the Blanks" Jan Carline PhD

13. Using the Blackboard • 1 or 2 - per 5 minutes of material • 1 main idea per transparency • 7 words by 7 lines • Large type (14 to 30 point) • Lower case letters • Center content, highlight, cluster items • Simplify drawings, charts Jan Carline PhD

14. Next? Audiovisuals Computerized Slide Presentations Presentation Dynamics Nervousness Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

15. Audiovisuals • 1 or 2 slides per 5 minutes • 1 main idea per slide • Sub-divide complex information • 7 words by 7 lines • Large type (14 to 30 point) • Simplify drawings, charts • Color for background and highlight Jan Carline PhD

16. Font Size - 14 Point • Most clinical teaching occurs in the context of busy medical practice where time is at a premium. When the preceptor is able to clearly state expectations for the student's performance, determine what the student wants in each encounter, and reach mutually agreed upon actions, teaching and clinical practice are enhanced. Jan Carline PhD

17. Font Size – 24 Point • Most clinical teaching occurs in the context of busy medical practice where time is at a premium. When the preceptor is able to clearly state expectations for the student's performance, determine what the student wants in each encounter, and reach mutually agreed upon actions, teaching and clinical practice are enhanced. Jan Carline PhD

18. Clarify Expectations • Communicate your expectations • Determine what the student wants from you • Negotiate mutual roles and responsibilities Jan Carline PhD

19. Number of Department of Medicine Teachers and Mean Ratings of Overall Teaching Effectiveness Categories of Teachers Number Mean Mean Effectiveness* Involvement** Professors 58 4.96 2.73 Associate Professors 61 5.02 2.84 Assistant Professors 70 5.06 2.98 Instructors 42 5.26 3.09 Total full-time faculty 231 5.06 2.90 Volunteer faculty members 199 5.06 2.78 Chief residents 8 5.40 3.27 Residents in years 2 & 3 120 4.80 3.27 Residents in year 1 163 4.88 3.40 Total residents 291 4.86 3.32 All teachers 721 4.99 3.01 * Scale: 6 = excellent, 5 = very good, 4 = good, 3 = fair, 2 = poor, 1 = very poor ** Scale: 4 = extensive, 3 = considerable, 2 = moderate, 1 = slight Jan Carline PhD

20. Teaching Effectivenessby Faculty Rank Category of Teacher Mean Effectiveness Full-Time Faculty 5.06 Volunteer Faculty 5.06 Residents 4.86 All Teachers 4.99 Scale: 6 = excellent to 1 = very poor Jan Carline PhD

21. Using Overheads • Check the projector, pre-focus • Point to transparencies (not screen) • Successively reveal points • Turn off projector when not in use • Optional - use frames for notes Jan Carline PhD

22. Using Slides • Use duplicate and blank slides • Thumb spot and number each slide • Check the projector, pre-focus • Test all slides before • Carefully use electronic pointers • Look at each slide as presented • Electronic slide shows? Jan Carline PhD

23. Next? • Uses of the Blackboard • Computerized Slide Presentations • Presentation Dynamics • Nervousness • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

24. Computerized Slide Presentations

25. Design Issues • Images? • Role of Color • Dark and Vivid • Story shifts to visual • Audience does not need to write • Light and Bright • Audience taking notes • Seeing you, each other Jan Carline PhD

26. Animation • What will it add? • Add to Meaning or Pizzazz? • Get in the way of the meaning? • Irritate? Jan Carline PhD

27. Animation • Too much or too little? • Choose one effect • Use as relevant to text: e.g. successively revealing points • Avoid extras for extra’s sake • Noise on or off? Jan Carline PhD

28. Using Your Computer • Compatibility of computer and projector • Color compatibility • Support dual screen • Connection at bootup • How do you control images • Cost - $500 per day rental Jan Carline PhD

29. Using Your Computer • Turn off sleep mode • Turn off screen saver • Position computer • Pre-focus - or learn controls • Practice, practice, practice • Know what to do if fails • Alternative media Jan Carline PhD

30. Power Point Handouts? • What will they add to the presentation? • Allow audience to write notes? • What size can be read? • Substitute for more complex data presentation? • Your own use Jan Carline PhD

31. Can Power Point Make You Stupid? • Complex relationships may not be expressed in an indented format • Complex data may be better shown in paper tables or charts – handouts • Don’t let template “fluff” obscure content • Don’t let a “content wizard” be responsible for organization. Jan Carline PhD

32. Summary • Great for last minute changes, flexibility • Keep it simple - color and animation • Know your machine • Have alternatives available • Use effects to add, not irritate Jan Carline PhD

33. Next? • Uses of the Blackboard • Audiovisuals • Presentation Dynamics • Nervousness • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

34. Presentation Dynamics • Enthusiasm • Body Language • Gestures • Voice • Eye Contact Jan Carline PhD

35. Dynamics - Enthusiasm • Energy, enjoyment, stimulation • Mental Preparation- Why is it important? - Master of material • Physical Preparation- Practice makes perfect- Use of visuals, podium • Looking "Good" Jan Carline PhD

36. Dynamics – Body Language • Stand or Sit? • Can You Be Seen? • Movement Around the Stage • Moving Into the Audience • Keeping Firmly Planted Jan Carline PhD

37. Dynamics - Gestures • Relaxed Placement of Hands • Avoid - pockets, loose change, keys, white knuckles • Hands - Up Front or at Side • Theatrics v.s. Gestures Jan Carline PhD

38. Dynamics - Voice • Can They Hear You?- Use microphoneProject - back of the room • Verbal Pauses • Variety- Tone, Volume, Pauses, Speed Jan Carline PhD

39. Dynamics – Eye Contact • Scan the audience for 3 friendly faces • DO NOT read word for word • Look Up - beginning of sentence • Judge audience reaction Jan Carline PhD

40. First 90 Seconds • Presence- Walk Briskly- Positive Anticipation- Feeling Good • Find a Friend • Connect With the Audience- Smile- "I've been looking forward" Jan Carline PhD

41. Next? • Uses of the Blackboard • Audiovisuals • Computerized Slide Presentations • Nervousness • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

42. Nervousness • Reframe Experience- Everyone gets nervous- You will make it through- Some nervousness is good • Preparation- Prepare - master of material- Practice - makes perfect- Preplan for "disasters" Jan Carline PhD

43. Nervousness- Before You Present • Don't Fight It - Do Something- Take a brisk walk- Sit or stand tall- Physically relax • Positive Self-Statements • Arrive early but no too early Jan Carline PhD

44. Handling Questions • Anticipate Questions- Write them out- More than 20? • Write and Practice Your Answers- Are you satisfied?or Redo Answers Jan Carline PhD

45. Handling Questions • Have Question Repeated • Repeat, Rephrase • "Tell me more . . ." • "Let me think for a moment." • "I don't know." • Indication of Interest - Not Threat Jan Carline PhD

46. Rehearsing • Rehearsing is Essential • More is Better • Timing of Presentation • Supportive Audience • Note cards VS Text Jan Carline PhD

47. Next? • Uses of the Blackboard • Audiovisuals • Computerized Slide Presentations • Presentation Dynamics • Presenting Your Work Jan Carline PhD

48. Presenting Your Work • Tell a Story - Don’t Read • Be Selective - A Few Memorable Points • Remember Structure of Ideas • Plan for Your Audience • Use Audiovisuals • Prepare for Questions • Rehearse Jan Carline PhD

49. Overview and Summary • Basic Considerations • Organization • Audiovisuals • Speaker Dynamics • Handling Questions • Nervousness Jan Carline PhD