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Physical Science and Mathematics in the Middle School Classroom: An Integrated Approach. Catherine Skokan, Ph.D. Barbara Moskal, Ed.D. Jennifer Tafoya, M. Sc. Que Nguyen, M. Sc. Colorado School of Mines Laura Kosbar, Ph. D. IBM Judith Duffield University of Colorado at Denver.
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Physical Science and Mathematics in the Middle School Classroom: An Integrated Approach Catherine Skokan, Ph.D. Barbara Moskal, Ed.D. Jennifer Tafoya, M. Sc. Que Nguyen, M. Sc. Colorado School of Mines Laura Kosbar, Ph. D. IBM Judith Duffield University of Colorado at Denver
No Child Left Behind • Approved by US Congress – 12/01 • Holds schools accountable for academic achievement • Close gap in academic achievement between groups • Develop and implement assessment • Requires Highly Qualified Teachers
To provide participating teachers: • A review of mathematics and science content • A repertoire of teaching strategies, activities and lesson plans • A sustained experience that aids in continuous improvement and innovation • A materials for standards-based instruction to students
Collaborators • Dr. Catherine Skokan, Project Director, Engineering, CSM • Dr. Barbara M. Moskal, Mathematical and Computer Sciences, CSM • Dr. Laura Kosbar, IBM Research • Dr. Ronald Miller, Chemical Engineering, CSM • Dr. Judy Duffield/ University of Colorado at Denver and Dr. Heidi Barker/ Regis University
Participants • Faculty in Mathematics, Chemistry and Engineering at CSM • IBM Researcher • 17 Middle School Mathematics and 9 Science Teachers (CDE I, year 1) • 5 Middle School Mathematics and 7 Science Teachers (CDE I, year 2) • 7 Middle School Mathematics and 9 Science Teachers (CDE II) • An Engineering and Mathematics graduate student
Project Design • Summer Workshops • Morning: Content Review • Afternoon: Hands-on Activities • 14 Hands-on Activities • Weekly Classroom Visits • E-mail Support
Example Activities • Polymers • Acids and Bases • Voltage Divider • Simple Machines and a Bicycle
Electronic Circuit • Mathematics (CO Standards: 1 and 2): • Ratios • Algebraic functions • Science (CO Standards: 1,2, and 5) • Written plan • Appropriate tools for measurements • Interpretation and evaluation of data • Energy transfer • Prediction of outcome • Use of technology to solve problems
The Voltage Divider – An Example Activity • Jorge purchased an alarm and 9 volt battery • Jorge needs only 3 volts • Jorge must design a voltage divider using his mathematics and science skills to solve this problem Vout = Vin (R2/(R1 + R2)) • Jorge used the Engineering Design Method
Graduate Students in the Classroom • Help Advanced Students • Help Struggling Students • Run Hands-On Experiments • Research Classroom Activities • Score papers • Help Teacher as Content Resource • Develop Modules
Assessment • Pre/Post content assessment • Average Pre: 16 out of 30 • Average Post: 20 out of 30 • Paired t-test, p=0.009 • Self-report survey, focus groups, classroom observation supported project goal attainment
Project Feedback • Valuable activities: • Hands-on • Connections • General comments from the participating teachers: • “Nice job” • “A great experience” • “What a great course! The best I’ve had since undergrad science courses.” • “I overall loved this. This has been very helpful to increase my content knowledge in areas that I’m not comfortable in as well as offer activities that I could use in my classroom.”
Future Directions • Second-year workshop • Evaluation of efficiency of follow-up • Extension to rural western portion of state (CCHE) • GK12 project extension proposal • Next Steps Institute