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Learn about the history of basketball, including its invention by Dr. James Naismith, the rules and regulations of the game, and scoring methods. Discover the team structure, court dimensions, violations, and fouls. Gain knowledge of free throw rules, bonus situations, length of the game, and shot clock.
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. BASKETBALL HISTORY RULES & REGULATIONS
HISTORY • Dr. James Naismith invented basketball as a PE instructor at a YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1891. • Charles Stebbins, the janitor at the YMCA, attached peach baskets to the walls for Dr. Naismith to use as the first baskets. • The first team that played the game had 9 players. • The first basketball that was used was a soccer ball
THE TEAM • 5 players on a team • Guards=2 Forwards=2 Center=1
THE COURT • The outer boundaries are made up of two sidelines which are 84-94 feet long and two base lines which are 50 feet long. • The court is split into 2 halves by a mid-court line or half-court line. • The center circle at mid-court is where the game begins with a jump ball. • The free throw lane area is marked with two lines on the side 12 feet apart and 19 feet from the base line. Those two lines are connected by the free throw line with an arc above the free throw line. This area is called the key. The sides of the key have lane space marks for players to line up for foul shots. • The free throw line is 15 feet from the basket. • The goal or basket is 10 feet off of the floor. • There are four time lines-two on each half. • Each end has two three-point lines. In college and high school, the line is 19’ 9” from the basket. NBA is 23’ 9”.
SCORING • Field Goals -Inside three-point line=2 points -Outside three-point line=3 points • Free Throws/Foul Shots=1 point
VIOLATIONS • Double Dribble-player dribble, picks up his dribble and dribbles again • Traveling-taking too many steps with the ball without dribbling • Carrying/Palming-dribbling incorrectly • Three Seconds-offensive player stands inside free throw lane for three seconds • Backcourt-ball is passed or dribbled into the offensive half and is passed or dribble back across mid-court by the offense • Five Seconds-Offensive player holds the ball 5 seconds when guarded by the defense AND Player inbounding the ball takes 5 seconds. VIOLATIONS-THE OTHER TEAM TAKES THE BALL OUT OF BOUNDS.
FREE THROW RULES • Player must shoot free throw within ten seconds of referee handing him/her the ball. • Rebounders may not step into lane until the ball touches the rim. • Shooter may not step over the free throw line until the ball touches the rim. • The free throw must touch the rim. Any free throw violation is given to the other team out of bounds.
FOULS • Non-shooting Foul- Ball is taken out of bounds and thrown in • Shooting Foul (Player is fouled while shooting) -If player misses the shot, he/she gets 2 free throws (3 outside 3-point line) -If player makes the shot, he/she gets 1 free throw plus the basket • Technical Foul/Intentional Foul-Player gets 2 free throws and the ball out of bounds. • Bonus Situations: 7 team fouls=one & one 10 team fouls=two free throws
LENGTH OF GAME • Middle School- 4 6-minute quarters • High School- 4 8-minute quarters • College- 2 20-minute halves • Professional- 4 12-minute quarters Shot Clock-Women’s Games-30 seconds Men’s Games-35 seconds 5 Time Outs per game-3 long, 2 short
