1 / 38

Smoking and Oral Health for Medical Students

An informative guide on the detrimental effects of smoking on oral health for medical students. Includes risks, diseases, prevention, and cessation strategies. Smoking cessation is crucial for overall health.

danielwhite
Download Presentation

Smoking and Oral Health for Medical Students

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SMOKING AND ORAL HEALTH FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

  2. WHO: • SMOKING IS THE MOST IMPORTANT • SINGLE • PREVENTABLE • RISIK FACTOR • FOR HIGH LEVEL OF MORBIDITY and PREMATURE MORTALIRY

  3. MORTALITY • 50 % OF SMOKERS WILL DIE DUE TO SMOKING • HALF OF THEM PREMATURERLY • THEY LOST 20-25YEARS OF THE LIFE • DIFFERENCES ARE SIGNIFICANT AFTER 20 YEARS OF SMOKING

  4. CASES OF SMOKERS ´ DEATH • SMOKING ATTRIBUTES TO • 25 DIFFERENT DISEASES; • ANUALLY DIE DUE TO SMOKING • CVD …………………. 1,7 mil • CHOPD …… ………...970 tis • LUNG CANCER …… 850 tis

  5. SMOKING AND CANCER • HEAD and NECK – RR 10 – 12 + ALCOHOL - RR 40 - 135 • URINARY ORGANS CANCER • CERVICAL CANCER • STOMACH, COLORECTAL CANCER • HEPATAL, PANCREATIC CANCER • LEUKEMIE (MYELOID)

  6. IN CIGARETTE SMOKE • Cca 5.000 CHEMICALS • 67 HUMÁN CARCINOGENS • 33 TOXIC CONTAMINANTS OF AMBIENT AIR • 47 CHEMICALS REGISTERED AS TOXIC WASTE

  7. OTHER FORMS of TOBACCO • SMOKELESS • PIPES. CIGARS • ARE THE IMPORTANT CAUSES OF HEAD AND NECK CANCERS

  8. RISK FOR REPRODUCTION • IMPOTENCE, INFERTILITY • HORMONAL DYSBALANCE • COMPLICATION DURING PREGNANCY • ABORTS • PREMATURE DELIVERY • CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS

  9. INTRAUTERINE EXPOSURE • FETAL TOBACCO SYNDROME => • PROGRAMMING • CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS • NEUROPSYCHICAL DYSORDERS (ADHD,conduct dysorders, addiction, criminality) • GENOTOXICITY =>CANCER

  10. SMOKING and ORAL HEALTH • THE MAIN CAUSES OF TEETH LOST ARE CARIES and PARODONTITIS • SMOKING CONTRIBUTES TO BOTH OF THESE DISEASES

  11. ORAL HYGIENE • IS WORSE AMON SMOKERS, EVEN AMONG SMOKING DENTISTRY STUDENTS • NO-SMOKERS DECLARED 9 times HIGHER FREQUENCY OF DAILY TTETH BRUSH compared with SMOKERS

  12. NIKOTINOVÁ STOMATITIS

  13. KUŘÁCKÁ MELANÓZA

  14. TABÁKOVÉ SKVRNY

  15. ABRASE ZUBŮ

  16. CHLUPATÝ JAZYK

  17. PRENATAL RISKS OF CARIES • MOTHER´S OBESITY …………1,21 • MOTHER´S SMOKING..………..1,33 • LOW BIRTHWEIGHT • PREMATURE DELIVERY

  18. POSTNATAL RISK FACTORS • PARENTAL LOW EDUCATION….1,38 • LOW SOCIAL POSITION.………...1,35 • MATERNAL AGE UNDER 23 Y... 1,27 • IMIGRANTS…………………….1,7-1,8

  19. SMOKING and CARIES • SMOKERS HAVE: • HIGHER SCORE kpe • HIGHER SCORE KPE • In DOSE-RESPONSE ASSOCIATIONS (salivary cotinine, years of smoking, number cig/day)

  20. SMOKERS HAVE WORSE: • NUTRITION • ORAL HYGIENE • SECONDARY PREVENTION • HIGHER BACTERY COLONISATION LAKTOBACILY a Str.MUTANS • PROTEKTIVE SALIVARY ROLE (lower pH, lower production)

  21. PASIVE SMOKING: • PRENATALY: DEVELOPMENTAL DYSORDERS • INFECTIONS BY MOTHERS in 1st year of the life • IMMUNOSUPRESION : respiratory inf. • = > breathing by mouth => higher risk of inf. In oral cavity • MODIFIKATION of IMUNITY Th1 / Th2

  22. PARODONTAL DISEASES • G neg., anaerob and mikro-aerofil bakteries = > • ENHANCES PRO-INFLAMMATORY PROSTAGLANDINS A CYTOKINES => • DESTRUKCION OF TISSUE

  23. VASOCONSTRICTION • LOWER GUMS OXYGENATION • BETTER CONDITION FOR ANAEROBES

  24. AMONG SMOKERS • 3x – 4x MORE OFTEN SERIOUS PARODONTITIS: • DEEP LOBES, • HIGHER BONE LOST • MORE SUBGINGIVAL DEPOSITS of CALCULUS

  25. PARODONTAL DISEASES • ARE MORE OFTEN ALSO AMONG YOUNG SMOKERS • IZRAEL STUDY • CARDIFF DENTAL STUDY • WORSE EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT

  26. TEETH LOST • MORE THAN 8 TEETH HAVE NOT (45-69letí): • 30%NON-SMOKERS • 29% EX-SMOKERS (abstinence >31 y) • 33% EX-SMOKERS (abstinence 21-30 y) • 42% EX-SMOKERS (abstinence 11-20 y) • 49% EX-SMOKERS (abstinence < 10 y) • 50% SMOKERS

  27. LEUKOPLAKIE • OCCURES 6 times MORE OFTEN AMONG SMOKERS • SIDES: • BUCAL – cigarettes smoking • PALATE – pipes/cigars smoking • LIPS, BUCAL – smokeless tobacco

  28. Homogenní leukoplakie

  29. Verukózní leukoplakie

  30. Nodulární leukoplakie

  31. ORAL CANCER • RELATIVE RISK 2 – 18 • WITH ALCOHOL 100 • WITH OTHER RISKS: Malnutrition, chr. Candidosis, viral infections (human papiloma v., herpes simplex)

  32. CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY • Male:female rate 6:1, now 2:1 • More often among patients aged 45 + • Among young smokeless tobacco users • TONGUE – 20% • GUMS – 18% • LOWER ORAL CAVITY + SALIVARY GLANDS – 20% • LIPS – 11%

  33. Nádor jazyka

  34. SMOKING IS A DISEASE • DEPENDENCE – dg F 17 • FYSICAL PART – NIKOTIN • BEHAVIORAL PART – AUTOMATIC BEHAVIOR

  35. LEVEL OF DEPENDENCE • FAGERSTROM QUESTIONNAIRE: • QUESTIONS • „PENALTY“ POINTS 4 LEVELS OF DEPENDENCE

  36. SMOKING CESSATION– 4 A / 4P • ASK • ADVICE TO STOP • ASSIST WITH WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMES • ARRANGE FOLLOW UP

  37. TERAPEUTIC HELP • NICOTINE REPLACEMENT THERAPY chewing gums, sticks, inhalator, tablets • Antidepresivum BUPROPION: Zyban, Wellbutrin • Nicotine Agonis VARENICLIN: Champix • VAKCINATION

  38. CONCLUSION • SMOKING IS AN IMPORTANT HEALTH RISK • SMOKING DAMAGES ORAL HEALTH • PROFESSIONAL DENTISTS ARE ACTIVE IN TOBACCO CONTROL IN MANY COUNTRIES

More Related