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Class Notes. Literary Terms. Allusion A reference another literary work, person, place, or event that the average reader may be unfamiliar with. Aside When a character speaks his or her thoughts aloud and is heard by the audience, but not by other characters Blank Verse
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Literary Terms • Allusion • A reference another literary work, person, place, or event that the average reader may be unfamiliar with. • Aside • When a character speaks his or her thoughts aloud and is heard by the audience, but not by other characters • Blank Verse • Unrhymed poetry written in iambic pentameter
Literary Terms • Comic Relief • A humorous scene or speech that is included in drama • Foil • A character who contrasts another character • Foreshadowing • When a writer uses hints or clues to indicate events or situations that will occur later in the plot
Literary Terms • Irony • The contrast between appearance and reality. Reality is opposite of what it seems • Paradox • A statement that seems to contradict itself but is actually true • Pun • A joke that comes from a play on words. Words can have multiple meanings • Soliloquy • A speech in which a character speaks thoughts out loud.
The Prologue • Expresses the hatred separating the Montagues' and Capulets • Use of Foreshadowing/Metaphor • “A Pair of star-crossed lovers take their life”
Act I, Scene 1 • Setting - Verona in Italy
Act I, Scene 4 • Romeo, Mercutio, Benvolio, others about to make an appearance at the feast. • Romeo and Benvolio, Montague kin are not invited. • Enter wearing masks
Act I, Scene 4 • Benvolio wants to have fun • Mercutio tries to talk Romeo into a better mood. • Romeo replies that he can't borrow Cupid's wings because he has been so badly wounded by Cupid's arrow.
Act I, Scene 4- Mercutio • Uses several puns, dirty jokes, and vivid descriptions. • "sink in it, should you burden love -- / Too great oppression for a tender thing" (1.4.24). • means that if Romeo is going to blame ("burden") love for his state of mind, he will only sink further into love. • also means that if he gets what he wants (sex) he will sink into the woman and be a burden to her. • Thinks Romeo is too serious • Love-sickness is caused by a lack of sex.
Act I, Scene 4- Mercutio • Romeo doesn’t believe that he can win the game of love and doesn’t want to play. • Mercutio tells Romeo to shut up about being "done" and to quit being a do-nothing. • Says that if Romeo is "done," he's Dun the horse (name of a log that people pulled out of mud during a Christmas game.) • Mercutio says that love is “bullcrap,” and that Romeo is stuck in it up to the ears.
Act I, Scene 4- Romeo’s Speech • Foreshadowing • chain of events ("consequence") • chain of events does terminate the duration ("expire the term") of Romeo's life with premature ("untimely") death. • Despite his premonitions, Romeo goes to Capulet's house. • Says that he is doing so because he is entrusting his fate to "He, that hath the steerage of my course." (God)
Act I, Scene 5- Romeo and Juliet Meet • The servant's bustle picks up the pace of the play. • Everything is speeding up. • Capulet welcomes everyone • speaks to Romeo's company when he says, "Welcome, gentlemen! ladies that have their toes / Unplagued with corns will walk a bout with you" (1.5.16-17). • Making sure that these strangers in masks feel welcome.
Act I, Scene 5- Romeo and Juliet Meet • Romeo sees Juliet and falls in love with her instantly. • Tybalt recognizes Romeo’s voice and sends for his rapier to kill him. • Capulet insists on Tybalt’s obedience, reminding him of Romeo’s good character.
Act I, Scene 5- Romeo and Juliet Meet • Romeo and Juliet continue their exchanges and they kiss • interrupted by the Nurse, (sends Juliet to find her mother.) • Romeo realizes the grave consequences of their love. • Juliet discovers from the Nurse that Romeo is a Montague.
Act II, Prologue • Quatrian (first four lines) has a sarcastic tone • Chorus foreshadows death • “desire death in his deathbead lie.” • “…love groaned for and would die.” • Romeo is willing to die for beauty
Act II, Scene I • Begins with a soliloquy from Romeo • Soliloquy - A speech revealing a character’s thoughts, actions, and/or emotions that are only heard by the audience and not by the other characters.
Act II, Scene 1 • Romeo enters and speaks of his love for Juliet. He jumps over a Capulet wall, hoping to see her. • Mercutio mocks Romeo's feelings for Rosaline. • Benvolio suggests that they leave and go look for him.
Act II, Scene II • The Capulet orchard • Romeo watches Juliet and starts to speak with her. • They proclaim their love for each other here. • Romeo and Juliet quickly agree to marry the next day at nine o'clock. • The Nurse calls for Juliet and she has to go. They say goodbye to each other for the night and exit.
Act II, Scene II - Juliet • Willing to denounce her family name to be with him: • "O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo?/ Deny thy father and refuse thy name;/ Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love,/ And I'll no longer be a Capulet.“
Act II, Scene II - Names • The lovers go into a long discourse about names and how they are nothing more than words. • The fact that she is a Capulet by name and he is a Montague by name should not affect their love for each other like it does. • "'Tis but thy name that is my enemy.Thou art thyself, thou not a Montague. What's Montague? It is nor hand, nor foot,Nor arm, nor face, nor any other part Belonging to a man. O, be some other name! What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other word would smell as sweet."Act 2, Scene 2, lines 38-44
Act II, Scene 3 – Friar Lawrence • Friar Laurence • uses a plant metaphor to comment on how -- in both plants and people -- everything has some good, and every good can be abused and turned to evil • meditating on the struggle between good and evil in nature and man • Criticizes Romeo for jumping from Rosaline to Juliet • Agrees to perform the ceremony • thinks that the marriage may end the hatred between the Capulets and Montagues.
Act II, Scene 4 • Tone of this scene is humorous as everyone jokes around • Benvolio • says that Tybalt has sent a challenge to Romeo • Mercutio • switches from making fun of Tybalt to making fun of Romeo. • Romeo and Mercutio exchange a series of puns
Act II, Scene 4 • The Nurse (enters with Peter) • Becomes the target of more jokes • complains about Mercutio • receives from Romeo the information about time and place of the wedding • chatters on about how sweet Juliet is.
Act II, Scene 5 • Plot is fast-paced. • Scene 5 is about anticipation, not information. • Juliet impatiently awaits the return of the Nurse with news from Romeo • The Nurse teases Juliet by finding all kinds of ways to not deliver the joyful news • Finally tells her that she is to go Friar Laurence's cell to be married to Romeo.
Act II, Scene 6 • Just before the wedding, Friar Laurence advises Romeo to love moderately. • Romeo and Juliet tell each other how much they love one another. • Friar Laurence leads them off to be married.
Act III, Scene 1 • The climax of the play • Benvolio tries to persuade Mercutio that it's best to stay out of the way of the Capulets and a quarrel • Mercutio jokingly claims that Benvolio is as much of a quarreler as anyone. • Tybalt, looking for Romeo, is challenged to a fight by Mercutio • Tybalt challenges Romeo to fight. Romeo refuses • Mercutio steps forward and fights Tybalt.
Act III, Scene 1 • As Romeo is trying to stop the fight, Tybalt gives Mercutio a wound, then runs away. Mercutio dies. • Romeo is ashamed of himself for letting Mercutio do the fighting • Romeo kills Tybalt and leaves the scene. • Benvolio tells the Prince what happened. • Lady Capulet wants Romeo's life, • The Prince exiles Romeo.