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PENICILLIN

PENICILLIN. Faculty of chemistry, VUT Brno Markéta Benešová, Markéta Zajícová. One of the earliest discovered and widely used antibiotic derived from the Penicillium mold Antibiotics are natural substances originally producted by fungi Vocabulary: derived = odvozené. What is it?.

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PENICILLIN

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  1. PENICILLIN Faculty of chemistry, VUT Brno Markéta Benešová, Markéta Zajícová

  2. One of the earliest discovered and widely used antibiotic derived from the Penicillium mold Antibiotics are natural substances originally producted by fungi Vocabulary: derived = odvozené What is it?

  3. 1928 – discover – Alexander Fleming (1945 Nobel prize in medicine) 1939 – Howard Walter Florey and his team of researches – showed in vivo bactericidal action of penicillin 1942 – Orvan Hess – first succesfully treat patient using penicillin HISTORY

  4. History • During world war II – Penicillin saved many people • 1940 – determined by Dorothy Crowfoot Hodkin • Florey and Chain discoverred a method of mass producting a drug (Nobel prize)

  5. Refers to a group of β-lactam antibiotics Penicillin has a rare Penam Skeleton (general formula: R-C9H11N2O4S) Chemical structure

  6. He found in his laboratory a lot of unwashed Petri´s saucer where bacteria growed. He put saucers into the washing solution and he discover that pleat in one Petri´s saucer destroyed bacteria-staphy lococcus This blue pleat belonged to kind of penicillium. vocabulary: Pleat = řasa How did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin?

  7. Variants in clinical use • Benzathine benzylpenicillin – for after–treatment, long time of incidence(18days) • Benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) – for major infections • Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V) – for streptococcus, only in tablets • Procaine benzylpenicillin – only in injection form

  8. Adverse effects • Adverse drug reactions diarrhea, nausea, rash, urticaria, • Infrequent adverse effects fever, vomiting, erythhema,dermatitis, • Pain and inflammation at the injection site is also common for parenterally • Allergic reactions Vocabulary: adverse = nepříznivý fever = horečka diarrhea = průjem erythema = zarudnutí kůže rash = vyrážka inflammation = zápal, zánět urticaria = kopřivka

  9. Thank you for your attention

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