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CAUSE - EFFECT PARAGRAPHS

CAUSE - EFFECT PARAGRAPHS. Developed by A.Suzan Öniz 2008. THE TASK FORMAT There are two questions to answer on the final paper : Question A and Question B. Question A: A reading comprehension question. . Question B: This is the paragraph-writing task. .

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CAUSE - EFFECT PARAGRAPHS

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  1. CAUSE - EFFECT PARAGRAPHS Developed by A.Suzan Öniz 2008

  2. THE TASK FORMAT There are two questions to answer on the final paper: Question A and Question B. Question A: A reading comprehension question. Question B: This is the paragraph-writing task.

  3. STEPS FOR QUESTION A (Comprehension Q) 1. Read the text & find the part/s with the answer. 2. In the question, what is the focus? Use the same focus in your answer. This may mean that you may have to reword part of the text. If you are lucky, you can use the sentences in the text with only minor changes! 3. Write a two- or three-sentence answer paraphrasing as much as possible.

  4. e.g. Part A.According to the text, apart from and , what else is important? Explain in 2-3 sentences. educational background level of intelligence ... The two men had similar educational backgrounds and intelligence levels. It was later discovered that Ted just knew how to learn better than Dan did. Ted had made his brain more absorbent by using a few simple skills. For years, experts had believed that an individual's ability to learn was a fixed capacity. During the last two decades, however, leading psychologists and educators have come to think otherwise. "We have increasing proof that human intelligence is expandable." says Jack Lochhead, director of the Cognitive Development Project at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. "We know that with proper skills people can actually improve their learning ability." ...

  5. e.g. Part A.According to the text, apart from educational background and level of intelligence, what else is important? Explain in 2-3 sentences. Possible answer: According to the text, apart from educational background and level of intelligence, _________________________ is important. expanding learning ability one’s developing ability to learn improving Experts now think that _____________ people can change believe skills). their capacity to learn ________________(by ______________). using certain ways methods).

  6. Question B: This is the paragraph-writing task. STEPS 1. TYPE OF LISTING What type of listing is needed? Carefully read the question or instructions (the rubric). Decide what you have to list. The causes? The effects? The reasons?

  7. e.g. Part B. You are writing for the popular education magazine ‘Open Forum’. Write a paragraph of 100-120 words on the possible of student failure. causes

  8. 2. BRAINSTORMING: Make a list of all causes you can think of in English if possible. Use POSITIVE language! Use a list or a mindmap. So what are some possible causes of student failure???

  9. A LIST CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE not study (enough) not understand the lesson not interested no separate room at home a noisy house have to work after school have to take care of siblings at home have to do chores at home have a health problem ? study little take no notes in class unable to follow the teacher’s explanations uninterested share the bedroom with siblings

  10. CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE A MINDMAP have to do chores at home have a health problem share the bedroom with siblings a noisy house have to work after school study little takes no notes uninterested have to take care of siblings at home unable to followthe T’s explanations

  11. 3. SELECTING: Go over each. Which ones can you easily support with examples and explanations? Choose 2 or 3. 4. SUPPORTING EACH CAUSE Take one cause and decide how you will support it. What can you say to explain this cause? Can you find examples? Is there a mini cycle of events that you can use as an explanation?

  12. CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE A MINDMAP have to do chores at home have a health problem share the bedroom with siblings a noisy house have to work after school study little takes no notes uninterested have to take care of siblings at home unable to followthe T’s explanations Can you group these causes into 2 or 3 general categories?

  13. e.g. problems at home &problems in school PROBLEMS AT HOME share the bedroom with siblings a noisy house have to work after school have to take care of siblings at home have to do chores at home

  14. PROBLEMS IN SCHOOL uninterested study little take no notes in class unable to follow the teacher’s explanations

  15. 5. WRITING & EDITING Write the paragraph. Read it and reword sections if necessary. Avoid direct lifts from the text. Are your explanations long enough? Add one or two connectors if necessary. Decide if you need a summary or concluding sentence. Check if you have these:

  16. TS MS 1 Explanation MS 2 Explanation (MS 3 Explanation) (Summary/Conclusion)

  17. PROBLEMS AT HOME share the bedroom with siblings a noisy house have to work after school have to take care of siblings at home have to do chores at home PROBLEMS IN SCHOOL uninterested study little take no notes in class unable to follow the teacher’s explanations TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the child’s problems at home and school. Student failureresults from two major factors: the child’s problems at home and school. The main causes of student failure are the child’s problems at home and school.

  18. PROBLEMS AT HOME share the bedroom with siblings a noisy house have to work after school have to take care of siblings at home have to do chores at home e c o n o m i c TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the child’s problems at home and school. The first cause, problems concerning homelife, may be due to the family’s economic situation. The child may have to work after school or take care of the younger siblings at home. In addition, the child may have to share the bedroom with the others. Therefore, it may be difficult for this child to study at home.

  19. TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the child’s problems at home and school.The first cause, problems concerning homelife, may be due the family’s economic situation. The child may have to work after school or take care of the younger siblings at home. In addition, the child may have to share the bedroom with the others. Therefore, it may be difficult for this child to study at home. TS MS 1 Explanation 1 Explanation 2 Mini Conclusion

  20. PROBLEMS IN SCHOOL uninterested study little take no notes in class unable to follow the teacher’s explanations TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the child’s problems at home and school. ... The last and most significant cause , however, is the child’s This child is probably uninterested, or problems at school. unmotivated , and so studies little in class. This kind of child is also probably unable to follow the teacher’s explanations or take notes. _________ As a result, this pupil can learn very little and is unsuccessful at school.

  21. TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the child’s problems at home and school. ... The last and most significant cause, however, is the child’s problems at school. This child is probably uninterested, or unmotivated, and so studies little in class. This kind of child is also probably unable to follow the teacher’s explanations or take notes. As a result, this pupil can learn very little and is usually unsuccessful at school. TS MS 1 & Explanations MS 2 Explanation 1 Explanation 2 Mini Conclusion

  22. TWO CAUSES OF STUDENT FAILURE Student failure involves two major causes which are related to the children’sproblems at home and school. The first cause, problems concerning homelife, may be due the family’s economic situation. Thesechildren may have to work after school or take care of their younger siblings at home. In addition, they may have to share their bedroom with the others. Therefore, it may be difficult for these children to study at home. The last and most significant cause, however, is these children’s problems at school. Theyareprobably uninterested, or unmotivated, and so study little in class. They are also probably unable to follow the teacher’s explanations or take notes. As a result, these pupils can learn very little and areusually unsuccessful at school.

  23. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION...

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