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Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions. explain the Law of Conservation of Mass differentiate between subscripts and coefficients balance skeleton equations by adding coefficients move between word equations and chemical reactions. Key Words. Reactants Products Coefficient Subscript

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions

  2. explain the Law of Conservation of Mass • differentiate between subscripts and coefficients • balance skeleton equations by adding coefficients • move between word equations and chemical reactions

  3. Key Words Reactants Products Coefficient Subscript Solid state Liquid state Gas state Aqueous state Law of Conservation of Mass

  4. Chemical formula - show the type and amount of each atom present in a compound. H O H subscript

  5. H O H H O H O H H 3 H2O 6 atoms of hydrogen and 3 atoms of oxygen form 3 molecules of water.

  6. Some covalent compounds can act as ions – these compounds are called polyatomic ions. Polyatomic ions carry a known charge. Cl -1 +1 Na -1

  7. The nitrate ion, NO31-, consists of 1 nitrogen atom and 3 oxygen atoms. These atoms form a covalent group that takes one electron and carries a charge of -1. +1 -1 Na

  8. Na(NO3) Mg+2 NO3-1 +1 -1 Mg(NO3)2 Na 1 atom of magnesium, 2 atoms of nitrogen, and 6 atoms of oxygen.

  9. Chemical reaction – substances react to produce one or more new substances. Chemical equation– contains all necessary information about a reaction (like a recipe). 2 + reactantsproducts A + 2 B C

  10. Chemical reactions can be shown as word equations: Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react to form water vapour (g) H + OH2O 2 (g) 2 (g) diatomic

  11. State (phase)of the substance is always shown as small subscripts after the numbers. l = liquid g = gas s = solid aq = aqueous “aqueous” – compound is dissolved in water.

  12. H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O (g) O O O O H H H H H H H H 2 2 Coefficients indicate the ratio of the substances in the chemical reaction. Two molecules of hydrogen react with one molecule of oxygen to yield two molecules of water.

  13. The Law of Conservation of Mass: In any chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed. Atoms will rearrange to form new compounds, but the number and type of atoms will not change during the reaction.

  14. 1000 kg 1000 kg

  15. H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O (g) subscripts (phase/state) Coefficients 2 2 reactantsproducts In any chemical reaction matter cannot be created or destroyed.

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