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How do you share spectrum? Overview of relevant regulation and technical enablers

This presentation provides an overview of the regulation and technical enablers of spectrum sharing. It covers topics such as licensed spectrum, dynamic licensed access, RAN sharing, and related work. The EuWireless project and its implementation of dynamic spectrum sharing and RAN sharing are also discussed.

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How do you share spectrum? Overview of relevant regulation and technical enablers

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  1. How do you share spectrum? Overview of relevant regulation and technical enablers Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  2. Contents Background • Licensed spectrum and regulation • Spectrum sharing techniques • Dynamic licensed access • RAN sharing techniques • Related work EuWireless project • High-level architecture • Needs and requirements • Spectrum sharing enhancements • RAN sharing enhancements • Integration to the overall architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  3. Background Why EuWireless needs dynamic spectrum sharing and RAN sharing? TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  4. Licensed spectrum and regulation • Realistic large scale field test and pilots with mobile technologies and services rely on the availability of licensed spectrum • Availability of equipment and testing sites • Current regulatory environment in Europe is heterogeneous and based on fixed-term exclusive rights • The available spectrum and means to acquire it vary from country to county • Pan-European dynamic spectrum sharing framework needed in order to realise the EuWireless vision TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  5. Spectrum sharing techniques • Individual authorisation, i.e. licensed access • Fixed term licensed access • Dynamic licensed access • Light licensing • General authorisation, i.e. unlicensed or license-exempt access • Opportunistic access TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  6. Dynamic licensed access • Licensed Shared Access (LSA) in Europe • A license holder (incumbent) can share spectrum with a mobile communication system under certain rules and on non-interfering basis • Current candidate channels in Europe are 2.3 – 2.4 GHz, but in the future, they can extend beyond the IMT bands • Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) in the US • Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC) is used as an additional source of information for incumbent protection • Targeting the 3.5 GHz frequency band TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  7. RAN sharing techniques • To facilitate the deployment of the dynamic spectrum sharing, other Radio Access Network (RAN) resources can also be shared • Joint Radio Resource Management (RRM) enables coordinated transmissions and interference management in legacy networks • Software-Defined RAN (SD-RAN) enables further decomposition of RAN functionalities and centralised control in future networks TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  8. Related work • Dynamic spectrum sharing • EU H2020/5G-PPP: ADEL, SPEED-5G, METIS/METIS-II, COHERENT • Standardization: CEPT ECC, FCC, ETSI, 3GPP • Industry forums: WINNF • RAN sharing • EU H2020/5G-PPP: 5G-NORMA/5G-MoNArch, SESAME/5G-ESSENCE • Standardization: 3GPP, IEEE • Industry forums: NGMN, ORAN, TIP TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  9. EuWireless project How EuWireless will implement dynamic spectrum sharing and RAN sharing? TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  10. High-level architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  11. Needs and requirements • EuWireless experimenter must be able to create end-to-end slices over the joint EuWireless and MNO infrastructure • In RAN, both the spectrum and RRM must be configurable • For spectrum, selection of frequency, time and location • For RRM, selection of functionalities and parameters • The EuWireless operator must handle all the paper work and offer a one stop shop portal for the experimenters TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  12. Spectrum sharing enhancements1/2 • For the standardised dynamic spectrum sharing methods, EuWireless must define a hierarchical approach to manage both the spectrum controllers and databases • In order to guarantee interference free operation towards MNOs, EuWireless should consider to utilise more sophisticated spectrum sensors also for spectrum sharing methods, which do not yet include them, i.e. LSA TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  13. Spectrum sharing enhancements2/2 Hierarchical structure of the EuWirelessspectrum manager TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  14. Spectrum sharing enhancements2/2 Hierarchical structure of the EuWirelessspectrum manager TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  15. RAN sharing enhancements 1/3 • For the joint RRM and/or centralised RAN resource management, EuWireless must define functional components supporting the utilised virtualisation platform for both legacy and future systems • From the architecture point of view, EuWireless is taking into account the recent advances in RAN virtualisation in order to be in line with the standardization and industry trends TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  16. RAN sharing enhancements 2/3 Network entities and interfaces for joint RRM in 4G architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  17. RAN sharing enhancements 2/3 Network entities and interfaces for joint RRM in 4G architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  18. RAN sharing enhancements 3/3 Network entities and interfaces for centralised RAN resource management in 5G architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  19. RAN sharing enhancements 3/3 Network entities and interfaces for centralised RAN resource management in 5G architecture TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  20. Integration to the overall architecture • Where to place the high-level spectrum managers and databases in the spectrum sharing hierarchy? • Maximise local performance • Minimise global signalling overhead • What RAN functionalities can actually be virtualised and managed from a centralised controller? • Non-real-time stuff: Virtual Network Functions (VNF) + SDN for sure! • Near-real-time stuff: VNFs + SDN possible for many use cases • Real-time stuff: Physical Network Functions (PNF) and point to point links still required TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

  21. Thankyou! Jarno Pinola VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland TNC19, Tallinn, Estonia

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