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Scientists have observed since the 50s of last century to the present day trend of increase in mean annual temperature of the air and water of the oceans . Official opinion of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change of the United Nations that " bulk of the observed from the mid-20th century increase in global average temperatures very likely due to the observed increase in the concentrations of anthropogenic greenhouse gases ." Although individual researchers to disagree with some conclusions of IPCC, the great majority of scientists working on climate change, agree with the main conclusions .
Парников ефект • The prevailing opinion is that the elevated greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) in the atmosphere due to the felling of forests for a huge number of different types of industries, and refrigerants whose use result of international agreements is significantly reduced is the main reason for climate change? These greenhouse gases in the atmosphere created called… Greenhouse effect
z Pollution of air
Polluted air is a change in the characteristics of the atmosphere, which may be a chemical, mechanical or biological origin, most commonly caused by the release of chemicals or biological materials from human. Air pollution damages human and living organisms, in some cases causing death and disease, obstruction of breathing, etc. Air pollution is most often associated stationary pollutants such as plants, factories, but the biggest air polluters are mobile sources, mainly automobiles.Many substances located in the atmosphere cause harm to plants and living organisms or reduced visibility. Originating or by natural processes or activities carried out by humans. The high concentration of these substances in the air is called air pollution.
Pollutants can be classified as primary and secondary air pollutants. • Major air pollutants are directly released into the atmosphere as a result of volcanic substances activity or human actions (volcanic ash, carbon monoxide from cars, etc.). • Secondary air pollutants are those formed as a result of chemical reactions of the main air pollutantsОсновни замърсители на въздуха вследствие на човешки действия:- Sulphur oxides (SOx), in particular sulfur dioxide formed as a result - the burning of coal. • - Nitrogen oxides (NOx) in particular nitrogen dioxide • - Carbon monoxide released from incomplete combustion of fuels such as gas, coal, diesel, petrol and wood. The cars are the largest source of bagleroden oxide. • - Carbon dioxide (CO2), also known as a greenhouse gas.Some minor air pollutants: • - Ozone (O3) • - Peroksiatsetilov nitrate ..
in the chimneys of factories and factories to install filters and dust collectors
around major cities and along highways to build "green belts" of various trees and shrubs
to create parks and gardens with many trees, shrubs and flowers in cities
The main sources of water pollution can be divided into two categories depending on their source.
Pollutants that fall into the water from individual sources, as an example of this category to show water discharged from sewage treatment plants, factories and manufacturing facilities, leaky underwater warehouses, etc. • Many of the chemical substances are toxic and can cause illness and death. Water pollution is a problem of global scale.
It is well known how large amounts of water are used in various manufacturing processes. As an example we can give : the production of one ton cast iron, which used 100 cubic meters of water per tonne of sugar -15 cubic meters of water per ton of synthetic fibers - 500 cubic meters of water. Thus humanity , on the one hand, ever increasing needs for water, and the other - that water pollution due to its already obsolete and contains a serious threat to the flora and fauna of water bodies and human . • In many countries, water pollution assumes alarming proportions. Their population uses water of questionable quality . In most cases, such sources are used rivers and lakes polluted by sewage.
Water pollution from industry is mainly due to the chemicals used or produced in manufacturing. Some have baktiritsidni properties and alter the normal flora and fauna of the receiving waters. The majority of these chemicals are toxic and hazardous to human health.
The rapid industrial development nesmogvaneto sufficient number of wastewater treatment facilities, poor operation of existing ones, frequent accidents in them, the lack of feedback loops for the use of industrial water-these are the main reasons that exacerbate water pollution.
Main water intakes of contaminated wastewater from industry are rivers and lakes. Rivers in turn cause pollution of seas and oceans. Many rivers have become the mainstream of dead waters and channels with contaminated dirty water, creating conditions for the spread of epidemics. These leads are not only unsuitable for irrigation, but can not be used for other purposes. Is threatened flora and fauna of rivers. Harmful effects of polluted river water directly or indirectly threaten people.
Oil production and refining industry is a major source of pollution not only air, but the seas. Thousands of tankers carrying oil and oil products. Pollution occurs mainly in cleaning tanks and washing tankers. In common case is sudden and unforeseen accidents of tankers offshore oil ran straight into the sea.
Worldwide acute were questioned for the protection of water sources from pollution and depletion. The future of humanity is at stake for drinking voda.Chistata drinking water will be a bargaining chip with high-value goods are currently considered luxury.
In modern life without clean water is unthinkable development of any sector of the national economy. Consequently, the provision of clean water is the most important issue of our time. In connection with this problem poses serious questions about Mr. protect water resources from depletion and pollution. Old saying "Where's the water, there is life" The meaning of these words confirm that water is a natural resource that is necessary to be carefully kept.
People are naturally concerned when bud threat to water quality, as it is essential for the human body. The quality of the drinking water is associated with the presence of organic matter , determining the color , taste and smell it, by chemical and bacterial components. The existence of pathogenic microorganisms can cause outbreaks of infectious diseases - cholera , typhoid , hepatitis and others. Thousands of chemicals are used by people every day. Whenever someone decides to use a chemical , there is a danger of it fall into the water. Everyone is responsible and should understand that using chemicals wisely and safely.
Connect the pollution of water by industry and agriculture. But we are all capable of causing water pollution in our own home.
Do not to throw waste to the river, passing through our area; • Do not to throw irresponsible dead animals in karst pools, and pits. These underground pits with increased humidity, darkness and low temperature becomes slow decomposition of the bodies and create favorable conditions for developing the agents of anthrax, tuberculosis and tetanus. Rainwater entering these donors related infection and parts of decomposed bodies in karst underground waters and springs, which are commonly used for drinking water supply; • to use environmentally friendly soaps and cleaners; • Preparations, which we use in garden pest control must be safe, naturally degradable in the environment and do not exceed the recommended dose; • fruits and vegetables that grow in personal gardens must be environmentally friendly, i.e. grown with organic substances; • most importantly - each of us possess ecological culture of man.
