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Radiation

Radiation. Energy emitted in the form of waves or particles Essential for life as we know it! Everything radiates Molecular vibration Use “ wavelength ” and “amplitude” to describe. The Electromagnetic Spectrum. All objects emit some radiation at ALL wavelengths

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Radiation

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  1. Radiation • Energy emitted in the form of waves or particles • Essential for life as we know it! • Everything radiates • Molecular vibration • Use “wavelength” and “amplitude” to describe

  2. The Electromagnetic Spectrum • All objects emit some radiation at ALL wavelengths • Each object has a wavelength of peak emission • Shorter wavelength = more energy

  3. Weather Radar Basics • An instrument that emits (transmits) radiation at a pre-selected wavelength based upon the size of the target you want to see • Smaller wavelength for smaller targets • A receiver detects reflected radiation • Intensity of precipitation • Distance to precipitation; (D=VxT)/2

  4. Temperature • A measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance • The greater the kinetic energy (molecular motion) the greater the temperature • Higher temperature = more energy emitted • More energy = shorter wavelength of peak emission (sun vs. earth)

  5. Balance of Radiation • Objects constantly absorbing and emitting radiation • NET HEATING = absorption > emission • NET COOLING = emission > absorption

  6. Absorption / Reflection • COLOR of object determines amount of absorption of solar radiation • Light objects = poor absorbers (good reflectors) high ALBEDO (reflectivity from 0 to 1) • Dark objects = good absorbers; low ALBEDO • INTENSITY also determines how much solar radiation is absorbed by an object (SUN ANGLE)

  7. Key Figures • 2.2, 2.3, 2.7, 2.8, 2.17, 2.18, 2.20 • From last time… • Table 1.1, Fig. 1.3, 1.42

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