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Epilepsy

Epilepsy. By Gabrielle Cramer. Increasing Amount of Money Spent on Epilepsy. Neuron. Neuronal Communication in the Brain. Synaptic Transmission Animation. http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/matthews/channel.html. Excitatory Neurotransmitters.

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Epilepsy

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  1. Epilepsy By Gabrielle Cramer

  2. Increasing Amount of Money Spent on Epilepsy

  3. Neuron

  4. Neuronal Communication in the Brain

  5. Synaptic Transmission Animation • http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/matthews/channel.html

  6. Excitatory Neurotransmitters • Glutamate is a neurotransmitter responsible for stimulating the “firing” of neurons in the brain

  7. Inhibitory Neurotransmitters: GABA • GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain • GABA bonds with chloride in order to “freeze” electrical activity in the brain

  8. Seizures • There are two primary types • of seizures: • Partial • Generalized

  9. The Hippocampus

  10. Transient Epilespy Amnesia (TEA) There are only 50 documented cases of TEA • During an episode of TEA cognitive skills are not impaired

  11. Photosensitive Epilepsy

  12. Work Cited • Ben-Ari, Y. Excitatory actioghgfhgns of GABA during development: the nature of the nurture. Nat Rev Neurosci 2002; 3:728. • Boston University (2008, October 27). How Epilepsy Develops: New Relationship Between Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor And Inflammatory Signaling. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 14, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2008/10/081022142948.htm • Cardiff University (2009, May 19). 'Singing Brain' Offers Epilepsy And Schizophrenia Clues. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 14, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2009/05/090519104109.htm • Catterall, WA, Goldin, AL, Waxman, SG. International Union of Pharmacology. XLVII. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated ghdsodium channels. Pharmacol Rev 2005; 57:397. • Chang, BS, Lowenstein, DH. Epilepsy. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1257. • Conn, PJ. Physiological roles and therapeutic potential of metabotropic glutamate receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 1003:12. • Cooper, EC, Janhghfd, LY. M-channels: neurological diseases, neuromodulation, and drug development. Arch Neurol 2003; 60:496. • Dingledine, R, Borges, K, Bowie, D, Traynelis, SF. The glutamate receptor ion channels. Pharmacol Rev 1999; 51:7. • Faingold, CL. Emergent properties of CgfNS neuronal networks as targets for pharmacology: application to anticonvulsant drug action. Prog Neurobiol 2004; 72:55. • Herrero, AI, Del Olmo, N, Gonzalez-Escalada, JR, Solis, JM. Two new actions of topiramate: inhibition of depolarizing GABA(A)-mediated responses and activation of a potassium conductance. Neuropharmacology 2002; 42:210. • Macdonald, RL, Olsen, RW. GABAA receptor channels. Annu Rev Neurosci 1994; 17:569. • McCormick, DA, Contreras, D. On the cfhgellular and network bases of epileptic seizures. Annu Rev Physiol 2001; 63:815. • New York- Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center/Weill Cornell Medical College (2008, July 21). Understanding How Neurons Work. Sciencedaily. Retrieved May 14 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.cohfgm/releases/2008/10/081022142948.htm. • Simeone, TA, Sanchez, RM, Rho, JM. Molecular biology anhfghdgfhgfd ontogeny of glutamate receptors in the mammalian central nervous system. J Child Neurol 2004; 19:343. • Ure, J, Baudry, M, Perassolo, M. Metabotropic glutamate receptors and epilepsy. J Neurol Sci 2006; 247:1.1 • University of British Columbia (2008, December 8). New Target Discovered To Treat Epileptic Seizures Following Brain Trauma Or Stroke. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 14, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2008/12/081205094622.htm • Rakhade, SN, Loeb, JA. Focal reduction of neuronal gluhghdghgdtamate transporters in human neocortical epilepsy. Epilepsia 2008; 49:226.Neurons Communicate May Help Treat Brain Disorders.

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