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School Feeding P olicy Environment: cross country review. Samrat Singh Research Associate. RESEARCH FRAMEWORK. 18 country review of school feeding policy/legal frameworks (PCD-WFP) Ongoing technical assistance in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and Mali. POLICY ENVIRONMENT. REGULATORY SYSTEM.
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School Feeding Policy Environment: cross country review Samrat Singh Research Associate
RESEARCH FRAMEWORK • 18 country review of school feeding policy/legal frameworks (PCD-WFP) • Ongoing technical assistance in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya and Mali
REGULATORY SYSTEM • Defined by set of legislative and executive instruments • Articulates ‘rights’, sets out objectives and establishes the institutions/processes
BENEFITS OF A COMPREHENSIVE REGULATORY SYSTEM • Defined and secure budgetary allocation • Longitudinal sustainability • Multi-agency harmonization • Efficiency and Transparency • Sectoral/policy convergence • Institutional foundation
KEY ISSUES AND FINDINGS Issue 1: LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK Primary legislation, secondary legislation and process Findings: • Highly variable • No + correlation b/w right to food & legislative engagement • Well established frameworks policy linkages
CROSS COUNTRY COMPARISON OF LEVEL OF LEGISLATION AND THE REGULATORY APPROACH
Issue 2: DEFINING OBJECTIVES Clearly defined objectives , policy coherence Findings: • Nutrition & Education • Farm linkages • Gender equity
Issue 3: DECENTRALIZATION Devolution in governance/ management, conformity with local laws, difference b/w devolution-power & functions. Findings: • Most countries decentralized management • Brazil, England , Scotland , India- substantial • Ecuador- centralized • Nigeria-outside state apparatus • Ethiopia , Malawi- well developed decentralized governance
Issue 4: FARM LINKAGES Local procurement , agricultural production, defining ‘local’, supply chain implications. Findings: • Chile/Bangladesh-modality constraints • Specific mandate & mechanism- Brazil,US,Ecuador,Tanzania • England/ Scotland- encouraged-constrained by EU law • Mali,Ghana- included in objectives • Well developed procurement law better linkages
CROSS COUNTRY COMPARISON OF PROCUREMENT GUIDELINES AND FARM LINKAGES
Issue 5: TARGETING Defined in legislation/policy, principles/mechanisms, review. Findings: • Universality access/availability • Brazil- Rights based social inclusion, RSA-Needs based • Rights based (Brazil)/needs based(RSA)/non-constitutional entitlement based (England)
ILLUSTRATION:NIGERIA • 20 states 2 states • Universal Basic Education Act, 2004 provides for school lunch limited impact • Development of state level policy & legislation (framework/detailed) (Osun state) • Federal guidelines/platform for harmonization and cross learning
Thank you Samrat Singh samrat.singh@imperial.ac.uk